Towards the electrification of buildings heating - Real heat pumps electricity mixes based on high resolution operational profiles

Neirotti, Francesco; Noussan, Michel; Simonetti, Marco

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2020.116974

Cited by 57 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In terms of temporal resolutions, many recent studies still use yearly conversion factors [8,[20][21][22][23], even though it has been widely recognized elsewhere that it is often better to use monthly or even hourly conversion factors [24][25][26][27][28][29]. By using higher resolutions, temporal changes in the electricity mix are better taken into account.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, it may be important to consider the hourly fluctuations of a CO 2 intensity when the CO 2 emissions associated with charging an EV (during particular hours of the day) are being calculated. Yearly conversion factors ignore these important temporal variations, leading to inaccurate results [24][25][26][27][28][29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In line with the frequent use of yearly temporal resolutions and retrospective conversion factors, the handling of imported electricity in the calculation of conversion factors is another methodological issue that is found in the literature. Many recent studies still use conversion factors that do not consider the imports of electricity from neighboring countries [4,5,28,[38][39][40][41][42]. Whenever a country covers a large share of its electricity consumption with imports from other countries, taking these imports into account can be of considerable importance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Not only does the applied methodology allow for the calculation of conversion factors that have an hourly temporal resolution, consider future evolutions in the electricity mix and take into account imports, but it also has a broad geographical scope (covering 28 European countries). This is another element that is beneficial to support future research, because many contemporary studies still make use of conversion factors that refer only to a single country [5,42,[45][46][47][48]-even though the benefits of considering multiple conversion factors for a range of different countries have been widely demonstrated in other studies [3,9,28,49,50].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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CO2 Intensities and Primary Energy Factors in the Future European Electricity System

Hamels

2021

Energies

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The European Union strives for sharp reductions in both CO2 emissions as well as primary energy use. Electricity consuming technologies are becoming increasingly important in this context, due to the ongoing electrification of transport and heating services. To correctly evaluate these technologies, conversion factors are needed—namely CO2 intensities and primary energy factors (PEFs). However, this evaluation is hindered by the unavailability of a high-quality database of conversion factor values. Ideally, such a database has a broad geographical scope, a high temporal resolution and considers cross-country exchanges of electricity as well as future evolutions in the electricity mix. In this paper, a state-of-the-art unit commitment economic dispatch model of the European electricity system is developed and a flow-tracing technique is innovatively applied to future scenarios (2025–2040)—to generate such a database and make it publicly available. Important dynamics are revealed, including an overall decrease in conversion factor values as well as considerable temporal variability at both the seasonal and hourly level. Furthermore, the importance of taking into account imports and carefully considering the calculation methodology for PEFs are both confirmed. Future estimates of the CO2 emissions and primary energy use associated with individual electrical loads can be meaningfully improved by taking into account these dynamics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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CO2 Intensities and Primary Energy Factors in the Future European Electricity System

Hamels

2021

Energies

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“…Among current technologies for providing both heating and cooling, heat pumps have generally applied for residential and commercial buildings by implementing demand response measures which enable one to shift building energy loads [9][10][11]. These systems can maintain indoor thermal comfort as well as provide a potential for energy savings in buildings by extracting energy from the air, water, and soil [12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heating Performance Analysis of an Air-to-Water Heat Pump Using Underground Air for Greenhouse Farming

2020

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As one of the main businesses in Jeju-do in South Korea, specialized local products are grown in greenhouses. For greenhouse farming, it is preferable to use geothermal heat pump systems for energy conservation because of the stable temperature of the ground. In the same manner, heat pumps using underground air is recommended for greenhouse farming since underground air can easily be obtained from porous volcanic rocks in Jeju-do. However, direct usage of the underground air is not feasible for planting in the greenhouse or livestock care because the underground air is relatively humid and its temperature is low. For the present study, the heating performance of an air-to-water heat pump which used underground air as a heat source for greenhouse farming during the winter was assessed through measurements. In addition, the economic impact of the air-to-water heat pump (AWHP) was compared with a conventional air heater. According to the results, an AWHP can save more than 70% of the total heating costs compared with a conventional air heater. In sum, the utilization of the air-to-water heat pump using underground air can have a positive impact on reducing energy consumption as well as provide direct economic benefits.

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Integrated Electric Power Systems and Their Power Quality Issues

Gupta¹,

Sharma²,

Kaur³

2022

Power Electronics for Green Energy Conversion

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Towards the electrification of buildings heating - Real heat pumps electricity mixes based on high resolution operational profiles

Cited by 57 publications

References 21 publications

CO2 Intensities and Primary Energy Factors in the Future European Electricity System

CO2 Intensities and Primary Energy Factors in the Future European Electricity System

Heating Performance Analysis of an Air-to-Water Heat Pump Using Underground Air for Greenhouse Farming

Integrated Electric Power Systems and Their Power Quality Issues

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