“…Mechanical debridement is time-consuming, expensive, and has limited therapeutic effects in sites that are difficult to reach instrumentally, such as root furcation, root concavities, and deep periodontal pockets. Additionally, systemic antimicrobial therapy not only has insufficient effective concentration in the lesion area, but it also increases the risk of microbial resistance [ 7 , 8 ]. At present, a variety of tissue engineering materials used in the treatment of periodontitis have attracted strong attention from researchers, including scaffolds [ 9 , 10 ], hydrogels [ 11 , 12 ], and nanoparticle drug delivery systems [ 13 , 14 ].…”