Toxicities of oils, dispersants and dispersed oils to algae and aquatic plants: Review and database value to resource sustainability

Lewis, Michael A.; Pryor, Rachel

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2013.05.001

Cited by 85 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 149 publications

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“…According to published scientific data, it is demonstrated that toxic effect concentrations for oils and algae vary greatly. As previously reported in a recent review paper, the toxic effect concentrations range is between 0.002 and 10,000 ppm for crude oils and between 0.09 and 50 ppm for refined oils [32].…”

Section: Oils Dispersants and Dispersed Oilsmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…Since the decade of 1950s, it has been known that crude and refined oils are phytotoxic [32], whereas the scientific interest concerning the sub-lethal effects of oils and their components on enzyme systems, photosynthesis, respiration, and protein and nucleic acid synthesis of primary producers is steadily increasing nowadays. According to published scientific data, it is demonstrated that toxic effect concentrations for oils and algae vary greatly.…”

Section: Oils Dispersants and Dispersed Oilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on information presented in the same bibliographic review of Lewis et al on toxicity of oils, dispersants (mixtures of emulsifiers and solvents that break an oil slick into smaller droplets of oil), and dispersed oils toward algae and aquatic plants, 22 species of freshwater and 63 species of saltwater algae have been exposed to more oils (21) and dispersants (27) than any other type of aquatic plant [32]. This numeric example shows that even though damage may occur from low-level continuous discharges to both freshwater and saltwater environments, however, the environmental effects of large oil spills to marine waters have received the most attention by the public and regulatory and scientific communities resulting in the imbalance of entries in toxicity databases.…”

Section: Oils Dispersants and Dispersed Oilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hydrocarbons in aquatic environments have biogenic, natural geologic, and anthropogenic origins such as oil spills (releases of crude oil from tankers, offshore platforms, drilling rings, as well as spills of refined petroleum products and their by-products, or spills of any oil refuge or waste oil) [31][32][33]. Adverse effects resulting from spilled oil can be a result of (I) dissolved materials, (II) physical effects due to contact with oil droplets, (III) enhanced uptake of petroleum hydrocarbons through oil/organism interactions, or (IV) a combination of these factors [34].…”

Section: Oils Dispersants and Dispersed Oilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects on the Photosynthetic Activity of Algae after Exposure to Various Organic and Inorganic Pollutants: Review

Petsas¹,

Vagi²

2017

Chlorophyll

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Algal studies remain necessary for risk assessment and their utility in ecotoxicology is the evaluation of lethal and sub-lethal toxic effects of potential toxicants on inhabitants of several ecosystems. Effects on algal photosynthetic apparatus caused by various chemical species have been extensively studied. The present chapter summarizes the published data concerning the toxicity of various organic and inorganic pollutants such as oils, pesticides, antifoulants and metals on photosynthesis of aquatic primary producers. Biochemical mode of action resulting in the disruption of photosynthesis depends on the chemical's nature and the characteristics of the exposed microorganism. Observed differences in response and sensitivity by different species to the same toxicant were attributed to several algal characteristics including photosynthetic capacity, pigment type, cellular lipid and protein content, and cell size. Single species bioassays either for one chemical alone or in mixture have been well reported and tolerance of both marine and freshwater water-column phytoplaktonic species has been examined. Adequate published information on multispecies tests (communities) in laboratory and field studies exists. However, risk assessment on photosynthesis of microbenthic periphyton is inadequate, though it is essential especially for hydrophobic organic molecules. Further studies are required to evaluate the adverse effects of metabolites on aquatic microalgae.

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Section: Oils Dispersants and Dispersed Oilsmentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Oils Dispersants and Dispersed Oilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Oils Dispersants and Dispersed Oilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Oils Dispersants and Dispersed Oilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects on the Photosynthetic Activity of Algae after Exposure to Various Organic and Inorganic Pollutants: Review

Petsas¹,

Vagi²

2017

Chlorophyll

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“…lorenzianus was found in narrow range but at the same time within the range of the results recorded earlier by other workers (Table 2). It is recorded that the traces of oil (raw or refine) are lethal to autotrophic life forms as they can cease metabolic activities by limiting their enzymatic activities (Lewis & Pryor 2013) and decrease chlorophyll "a" concentration (Lee et al 2009). As it is evident that the toxicity of crude oil is concentration dependent (Sheekh et al 2000) and the species were recorded during the initial days of spill so recorded narrow range of morphometric measurements of the cells may accounted due to the effect of crude oil.…”

Section: Wwwtropicalplantresearchcom 561mentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological characters of Chaetoceros lorenzianus (Bacillariophyceae) isolated from North Arabian Sea after Tasman Spirit oil spill

Tabassum¹,

Baig²,

Rehman³

2016

Trop. Plant Res.

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Abstract:The present study investigated the morphology and taxonomy of marine centric diatom Chaetoceros lorenzianus from Karachi Harbor, Pakistan for the first time for the first time during the incident of Tasman Spirit Oil Spill (2003) in the area. Phytoplankton samples were collected from 5 different locations from the study area. Chaetoceros lorenzianus was found only at one station collected after Tasman Spirit Oil Spill. Moreover morphometric measurements of present record showed narrow range as compared to the records investigated by other workers.

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Secondary production of freshwater zooplankton communities exposed to a fungicide and to a petroleum distillate in outdoor pond mesocosms

Bayona

Roucaute

et al. 2014

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Ecological risk assessment of chemicals in mesocosms requires measurement of a large number of parameters at the community level. Studies on invertebrate communities usually focus on taxonomic approaches, which only provide insights into taxonomic structure changes induced by chemicals. In the present study, abundance, biomass (B), theoretical production (P), and instantaneous P/B ratio were used as endpoints to assess the effects of the commercial form of the dithiocarbamate fungicide thiram (35 µg/L and 170 µg/L nominal concentrations) and of the hydrocarbon water accommodated fraction (HWAF) of a petroleum distillate (0.01 mg/L, 0.4 mg/L, 2 mg/L, and 20 mg/L loadings) on the zooplankton community in freshwater pond mesocosms. Endpoints were measured during a 4-wk treatment period (1 pulse/wk) followed by a 5-mo posttreatment period to evaluate zooplankton population recovery. The chlorophyll a concentration in water was significantly increased after treatment with HWAF, whereas it was not affected by thiram treatment. Zooplankton abundance-based analysis showed effects on a limited number of taxa, whereas other endpoints (mainly the P/B ratio) revealed that more taxa were impacted, with recovery depending on the chemical and concentration. Exposure to HWAF mainly had a negative impact on cladocerans, which resulted in top-down effects (between cladocerans and phytoplankton). Thiram negatively affected rotifers and copepods, suggesting more direct toxic effects. The results show that the use of secondary production as an endpoint provides a more comprehensive assessment of potential direct and indirect effects of chemicals on a community, and they also support evidence of alteration in functional processes.

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Toxicities of oils, dispersants and dispersed oils to algae and aquatic plants: Review and database value to resource sustainability

Cited by 85 publications

References 149 publications

Effects on the Photosynthetic Activity of Algae after Exposure to Various Organic and Inorganic Pollutants: Review

Effects on the Photosynthetic Activity of Algae after Exposure to Various Organic and Inorganic Pollutants: Review

Morphological characters of Chaetoceros lorenzianus (Bacillariophyceae) isolated from North Arabian Sea after Tasman Spirit oil spill

Secondary production of freshwater zooplankton communities exposed to a fungicide and to a petroleum distillate in outdoor pond mesocosms

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