Toxicity of char residues produced in the co-pyrolysis of different wastes

Characterization of chars produced in the co-pyrolysis of different wastes: Decontamination study

“…In spite of previously demonstrated that the mobility of these heavy metals is suppressed in the extracted pyrolysis chars (Bernardo et al, 2010) the leachability of these heavy metals has to be monitored and strategies for removing them have to be evaluated.…”

“…However, it was previously demonstrated that Zn mobility/leachability (Bernardo et al, 2010) is suppressed in the extracted pyrolysis chars. Also, previous studies (Hwang et al, 2007;Kistler et al, 1987) have shown that pyrolysis may have a positive effect on the immobilization of heavy metals in solid chars.…”

“…More information about the pyrolysis installation and experiments can be found in previous papers (Bernardo et al, 2010;Paradela et al, 2009). …”

“…The composition of these chars is not yet well studied and only recent an attempt was made by Bernardo et al (2010) to provide some information about the composition and risk assessment of these materials.…”

The new challenges of end-of-life tyres management systems: A Spanish case study

“…A literature review revealed that the majority of articles that are related to end-of-life (EOL) tyres, when considering the new European Directive 2008/98/EC (European Union, 2008), focus mainly on technical solutions (Aiello et al, 2009;Aylón et al, 2010;Bernardo et al, 2010;Donatelli et al, 2010;Sang Son et al, 2011;Shulman, 2011;Singh et al, 2009). With regard to the application of this new directive, other articles are based on an assessment of waste management technologies according to the waste hierarchy identified in this Directive (Generowicz et al, 2011), or alternative treatment technologies that have been evaluated on their cost aspects, product utilization and compatibility with the EU waste framework that was proposed in the mentioned directive (Donatello et al, 2010;Grosso et al, 2010).…”