Toxicity Testing

Ecobichon, D. J.

doi:10.1016/b978-012426260-7.50013-6

Cited by 42 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…If no mortality was observed, the procedure was repeated for further higher doses such as 100, 1000, and 5000 mg/kg body weight. Toxic symptoms such as behavioral changes, motor reflexes, and mortality were observed for 48 h 44,45 .…”

Section: Acute Toxicity (Ld 50 ) Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prophylactic and curative anti-ulcerative colitis activity and the possible mechanisms of action of some desert plants

El‐Meligy

Awaad

Soliman

et al. 2014

Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry

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The aim of the present study was to evaluate both prophylactic and curative anti-ulcerative colitis activity and the possible mechanism of action of seven desert plant extracts. (Asclepiadaceae) were separately evaluated at three doses (125, 250, and 500 mg/kg) using the acetic acid-induced colitis model. The investigated extracts possessed prophylactic and curative anti-ulcerative colitis activities in a dose-dependent manner, where Salvia lanigera (87.9) and Solenostemma arghel (89.2) were the most effective extracts whereas the dexamesathone produced 68%. These extracts were further investigated for estimation of their mechanism of action. The in vitro potential radical (DPPH) scavenging activities of the investigated extracts were well supported with the reduction of colonic MDA content for both extracts. Suppression of the inflammatory mediator TNF-a and inhibition of both PLA2 and protease enzymes may play an important role in the anti-ulcerative colitis activities. The investigated extracts were safe for use up to 5 g/kg and the total alcohol extracts of Salvia lanigera and Solenostemma arghel (400 mg/kg for 35 d) showed no alteration on liver and kidney functions. Phytochemical screening of the investigated extracts revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, unsaturated sterols, and proteins which could be responsible for the activities.

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Section: Acute Toxicity (Ld 50 ) Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prophylactic and curative anti-ulcerative colitis activity and the possible mechanisms of action of some desert plants

El‐Meligy

Awaad

Soliman

et al. 2014

Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry

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“…Acute toxicity study: Acute toxicity of C. rotundus Ethanolic Extract (EECR) evaluated according to the method described by an Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development Guideline (OECD) 423 (Ecobichon, 1997). The animals were kept fasting overnight.…”

Section: Experimental Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Central Nervous System Activities of Cyperus rotundus L. Extract on Rodents

Sheik¹,

Vedhaiyan²,

Sengottuvelu³

2014

Current Research in Neuroscience

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Cyperus rotundus Ethanolic Extract (EECR) investigated for antidepressant, anxiolytic, anticonvulsant and hypnotic and muscle relaxant activities in two different animal models to find out its scientific values. Oral administration of EECR at doses of 200 and 400 mg kgG 1 on various behavioural models such as tail suspension, hole-board, elevated-plus-maze, locomotor, strychnine, maximal electroshock induced seizure, pentylenetetrazole, rotarod, climbing an inclined screen in mice and forced swim light-dark box models in rats was utilized. In the open field test, EECR (200 and 400 mg kgG 1 ) (p<0.05, p<0.01) increased in numbers of rearing. However, the number of central motor and ambulation reduced. The number of entries and the time spent in the open arm were increased while the number of locomotion was decreased (p<0.01) in elevated-plus-maze and actophotometer test, respectively. The EECR (200 and 400 mg kgG 1 ) protected the mice against the pentylenetetrazole and strychnine induced convulsions; it causes significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) dose dependent increase in latency of convulsion. Treatment with EECR decreased the duration of the tonic hind limb extension induced by electroshock. The EECR treatment also significantly increased the hypnotic's time and decreased motor co-ordination of experimental animals. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that C. rotundus treatment triggers immobility behavior, time spent in light, locomotor and climbing time in rat and mice model. Further studies will confirm the mechanism of action of C. rotundus for CNS drug development.

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“…[12]. This was performed for the extracts to ascertain safe dose by the acute oral toxic class method by the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD).…”

Section: Phytochemical Screeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytoprotective Effect ofMorinda tinctoriaRoxb. against Surgical and Chemical Factor Induced Gastric and Duodenal Ulcers in Rats

Sivaraman¹,

Muralidharan²

2011

Ulcers

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The present paper relates to the pharmacological validation of the antiulcer efficacy of ethanol leaf extract of Morinda tinctoria Roxb. (EEMT) against aspirin pyloric ligation-induced gastric ulcer model and cysteamine-induced duodenal ulcer in Wistar rats. Oral administration of EEMT at a dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg significantly prevented the occurrence of aspirin pyloric ligation and cysteamine-induced gastric and duodenal ulceration. The volume and acidity of gastric juice in pyloric ligated rats were significantly (P < 0.01) reduced by EEMT. There was a significant decrease in the number of ulcers, and its severity in both the models proved the ulcer protective activity of EEMT. Administration of extract at both dose levels has shown a significant increase in potassium and sodium ion concentration in the gastric juice of pylorus ligation group. On the basis of these observations, we concluded that EEMT possessing antiulcer activity may be due to the modulation of defensive factors by improvement in gastric cytoprotection.

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Toxicity Testing

Cited by 42 publications

References 22 publications

Prophylactic and curative anti-ulcerative colitis activity and the possible mechanisms of action of some desert plants

Prophylactic and curative anti-ulcerative colitis activity and the possible mechanisms of action of some desert plants

Evaluation of Central Nervous System Activities of Cyperus rotundus L. Extract on Rodents

Cytoprotective Effect ofMorinda tinctoriaRoxb. against Surgical and Chemical Factor Induced Gastric and Duodenal Ulcers in Rats

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