Toxicological and behavioral effects of Chlorfluazuron on pheromone production and perception of Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae).

Abstract

Chlorfluazuron (Atabron) is an insect growth regulator (IGR) belongs to benzoylphenyl urea for controlling the major insect pests. The present work aims to investigate the toxicological and biological effects of Chlorfluazuron on the 4th larval instar of rust red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum at different concentrations (0.1, 0.5, 1, 5 and 10 ppm) under laboratory conditions. The results revealed high significant mortality in larvae, pupae and adults. The obtained results showed significant decrease in adult emergence, fecundity and fertility. Chlorfluazuron caused also a significant prolongation in larval and pupal developmental period. When 4 th larval instar treated with LC 50 value of Chlorfluazuron (1.2ppm) female production and male's perception to pheromone affected. The results indicated that both treated and untreated sexes of the rust red flour beetle could secrete a pheromone that was able to stimulate the opposite sex as well as its own sex. Although production and responsiveness of pheromone in untreated groups were significantly higher than treated one. Females secreted a pheromone that stimulated males is sex pheromone. While the pheromone secreted by males is an aggregation pheromone. Production and responsiveness to pheromone in untreated virgin sexes was significantly higher than treated one at photophase and scotophase. The maximum production and perception of pheromone in untreated sex were at 15.00 p.m. While a peak in treated one was at 13.00p.m.

Toxic Effects of Four Plant Oils on Trogoderma Granarium Everts and Pheromone Response

“…The other pheromone that males emit appeared to be an aggregation pheromone produced by them to gather with the population for feeding. This agreed with Abdu et al (1985), who used radiation against the rust-red flour beetle; Chen et al (1988), who used juvenile hormone analogue and fenoxycarb on Ips paraconfusus and Bakr et al (2010), who used T. castaneum. Besides, Ruther et al (2007) reported that sex pheromones produced by an untreated male attracted females in the parasitic jewel wasp, Nasonia vitripennis.…”

Toxicological and ultrastructural effects of chitin synthesis inhibitors (lufenuron and chlorfluazuron) on third larval instars integument of Chrysomya albiceps (Diptera: Calliphoridae)

“…The present investigation reported that the larval mortality basically resulted from molting failure with incomplete life cycle and death within the cuticle. Similar results were recorded with Tribolium castaneum [27] , Spodoptera littoralis [28,29] , and Musca domestica [22,30] . In addition, LF proved to be more toxic at all concentration levels than CF inducing larval mortality, larval deformation, and reduction of pupation percent.…”

“…Furthermore, small sized and shrunken larvae were clearly observed. Similar deformations were recorded on larvae of M. domestica [22,31,33] , T. castaneum [27] , L. botrana [34] , S. littoralis [34,37] , and on B. odoriphaga [38] . Furthermore, the two tested CSIs treatments led to formation of larval-pupal intermediates.…”

“…High significant mortality in larvae, pupae, and adults of T. castaneum was recorded at different concentrations of CF. This result could be due to the anti-feeding effect of CF [27] . Lufenuron inhibited adult emergence of S. littoralis after larval treatment [34] , and was more potent than CF and chromafenzoide when applied on one day old eggs of Pectinophora gossypiella [35] .…”