Toxicological screening in the Amsterdam acute setting becomes more relevant if the standard panel of the drugs-of-abuse point-of-care test is expanded with GHB and ketamine

4‐Fluoroamphetamine (4‐FA) intoxication results in exaggerated blood pressure effects compared to MDMA and amphetamine: A retrospective analysis

“…This observation is in line with some previous studies showing that especially high concentrations of 4-FA in urine samples may cross-react with amphetamine in immunoassays, although overall immunoreactivity is poor. 11,26,27 Physicians must be aware of the lack of detection of 4-FA in UTS because UTS may result in undetected 4-FA intoxications in different emergency settings and consequent complications. 6 An overall decrease of 4-FA intoxications has been observed since the Dutch 4-FA ban in 2017.…”

“…Acceptable synonyms for these drugs were 4-FMP, XTC, ecstasy, speed, and pep. Patients were identified and selected for a specific study group via self-reported drug use (SRDU), and when available confirmed with a urine toxicology screening (UTS) or high-resolution mass spectrometry 26. Toxicological analysis results were unavailable for most patients because serum analysis was not routinely performed.…”

Prescription Drug Misuse in “Clubbers” and Disco Goers in Ibiza

“…The instrument applied the analytical protocols provided by the manufacturer, and compound identification was provided by using the Maurer/Wissenbach/Weber (MWW) library containing as many as 4,500 therapeutic, toxic/illicit drugs and their metabolites (including NPS) ( 39 ). Prior to injection, urine sample were diluted 1/10 (v/v) with water ( 40 ).…”

“…A comprehensive screening of urine samples was performed at both the Unit of Forensic Medicine of the University of Verona and at the Politecnico of Ancona, by using a Toxtyper TM LC/IT-MS platform (Bruker Daltonics, Bremen, Germany) consisting of an ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled to a high-speed ion trap mass analyzer (IT-MS). The instrument applied the analytical protocols provided by the manufacturer, and compound identification was provided by using the Maurer/Wissenbach/Weber (MWW) library containing as many as 4,500 therapeutic, toxic/illicit drugs and their metabolites (including NPS) (39). Prior to injection, urine sample were diluted 1/10 (v/v) with water (40).…”