Traffic generated emissions alter the lung microbiota by promoting the expansion of Proteobacteria in C57Bl/6 mice placed on a high-fat diet

Daniel, Sarah; Pusadkar, Vaidehi; McDonald, Jacob D.; Mirpuri, Julie; Azad, Rajeev K.; Goven, Art; Lund, Amie K.

doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112035

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…In our study, Proteobacteria , Firmicutes , Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes were the top four relative abundances of bacteria in the lungs of control mice. We found that the lungs of control mice were rich in Lactobacillus , which was significantly reduced after sTBI, consistent with others [ 35 ]. Lactobacillus is a kind of probiotic, which has the functions of anti-inflammatory, anti-infection and regulating immune function, as a therapeutic approach to the prevention of lung diseases like asthma and allergic reactions, viral infections and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [ 36 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Translocation and Dissemination of Gut Bacteria after Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

Yang

Yuan

et al. 2022

Microorganisms

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Enterobacteriaceae are often found in the lungs of patients with severe Traumatic Brain Injury (sTBI). However, it is unknown whether these bacteria come from the gut microbiota. To investigate this hypothesis, the mice model of sTBI was used in this study. After sTBI, Chao1 and Simpson index peaking at 7 d in the lungs (p < 0.05). The relative abundance of Acinetobacter in the lungs increased to 16.26% at 7 d after sTBI. The chao1 index of gut microbiota increased after sTBI and peaked at 7 d (p < 0.05). Three hours after sTBI, the conditional pathogens such as Lachnoclostridium, Acinetobacter, Bacteroides and Streptococcus grew significantly. At 7 d and 14 d, the histology scores in the sTBI group were significantly higher than the control group (p < 0.05). The myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity increased at all-time points after sTBI and peaked at 7 d (p < 0.05). The LBP and sCD14 peaking 7 d after sTBI (p < 0.05). The Zonulin increased significantly at 3 d after sTBI and maintained the high level (p < 0.05). SourceTracker identified that the lung tissue microbiota reflects 49.69% gut source at 7 d after sTBI. In the small intestine, sTBI induced gastrointestinal dysfunction with increased apoptosis and decreasing antimicrobial peptides. There was a negative correlation between gut conditional pathogens and the expression level of antimicrobial peptides in Paneth cells. Our data indicate that gut bacteria translocated to the lungs after sTBI, and Paneth cells may regulate gut microbiota stability and translocation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Translocation and Dissemination of Gut Bacteria after Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

Yang

Yuan

et al. 2022

Microorganisms

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“…Proteobacteria are spoilage bacteria and often appear in the intestines of humans and animals. When the intestines are exposed to contaminants, Proteobacteria increase significantly [ 41 ]. Proteobacteria can affect the function of the gastrointestinal tract and cause many diseases [ 42 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Fumonisin B and Hydrolyzed Fumonisin B on Growth and Intestinal Microbiota in Broilers

Jia

Lin

et al. 2022

Toxins

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Fumonisins are mainly produced by Fusarium verticillioides and proliferatum, which causes a variety of toxicities in humans and animals, including fumonisin Bs (FBs) as the main form. After they are metabolized by plants or microorganisms, modified fumonisins are difficult to detect by conventional methods, which result in an underestimation of their contamination level. Fumonisins widely contaminate maize and maize products, especially in broiler feed. As an economically important food, broilers are often adversely affected by mycotoxins, leading to food safety hazards and high economic losses. However, there are few studies regarding the adverse effects of FBs on broiler growth and health, especially modified FBs. Our data shows that after exposure to FBs or hydrolyzed fumonisin Bs (HFBs), the body weight and tissue weight of broilers decreased significantly, especially the testes. Moreover, they significantly affect the intestinal microbiota and the relative abundance of bacteria from phylum-to-species levels, with the differentially affected bacteria mainly belonging to Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. Our findings suggest that both the parent and hydrolyzed FBs could induce growth retardation, tissue damage and the imbalance of intestinal microbiota in broilers. This indicated that the harmful effects of HFBs cannot be ignored during food safety risk assessment.

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“…16S rRNA gene sequencing reads (in fastq format) were analyzed using methods previously established by our lab [ 85 ]. Downstream statistical analysis of the data was performed to determine alpha diversity analysis (diversity within the sample) by generating the plots for Chao 1 and ACE index (for species richness), Shannon index (for species diversity), and evenness index (for species evenness).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhaled diesel exhaust particles result in microbiome-related systemic inflammation and altered cardiovascular disease biomarkers in C57Bl/6 male mice

et al. 2022

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Background The gut microbiota plays a vital role in host homeostasis and is associated with inflammation and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Exposure to particulate matter (PM) is a known mediator of inflammation and CVD and is reported to promote dysbiosis and decreased intestinal integrity. However, the role of inhaled traffic-generated PM on the gut microbiome and its corresponding systemic effects are not well-characterized. Thus, we investigated the hypothesis that exposure to inhaled diesel exhaust particles (DEP) alters the gut microbiome and promotes microbial-related inflammation and CVD biomarkers. 4–6-week-old male C57Bl/6 mice on either a low-fat (LF, 10% fat) or high-fat (HF, 45% fat) diet were exposed via oropharyngeal aspiration to 35 μg DEP suspended in 35 μl saline or saline only (CON) 2x/week for 30 days. To determine whether probiotics could prevent diet or DEP exposure mediated alterations in the gut microbiome or systemic outcomes, a subset of animals on the HF diet were treated orally with 0.3 g/day (~ 7.5 × 108 CFU/day) of Winclove Ecologic® Barrier probiotics throughout the study. Results Our results show that inhaled DEP exposure alters gut microbial profiles, including reducing Actinobacteria and expanding Verrucomicrobia and Proteobacteria. We observed increased circulating LPS, altered circulating cytokines (IL-1α, IL-3, IL-13, IL-15, G-CSF, LIF, MIP-2, and TNF-α), and CVD biomarkers (siCAM, PAI-1, sP-Selectin, thrombomodulin, and PECAM) in DEP-exposed and/or HF diet mice. Furthermore, probiotics attenuated the observed reduction of Actinobacteria and expansion of Proteobacteria in DEP-exposed and HF-diet mice. Probiotics mitigated circulating cytokines (IL-3, IL-13, G-CSF, RANTES, and TNF- α) and CVD biomarkers (siCAM, PAI-1, sP-Selectin, thrombomodulin, and PECAM) in respect to DEP-exposure and/or HF diet. Conclusion Key findings of this study are that inhaled DEP exposure alters small intestinal microbial profiles that play a role in systemic inflammation and early CVD biomarkers. Probiotic treatment in this study was fundamental in understanding the role of inhaled DEP on the microbiome and related systemic inflammatory and CVD biomarkers.

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Traffic generated emissions alter the lung microbiota by promoting the expansion of Proteobacteria in C57Bl/6 mice placed on a high-fat diet

Cited by 15 publications

References 53 publications

Translocation and Dissemination of Gut Bacteria after Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

Translocation and Dissemination of Gut Bacteria after Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

Effects of Fumonisin B and Hydrolyzed Fumonisin B on Growth and Intestinal Microbiota in Broilers

Inhaled diesel exhaust particles result in microbiome-related systemic inflammation and altered cardiovascular disease biomarkers in C57Bl/6 male mice

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