Translocation and Dissemination of Gut Bacteria after Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

Yang, Wei; Yuan, Qiang; Li, Zhiqi; Du, Zhuoying; Wu, Gang; Yu, Jing; Hu, Jin

doi:10.3390/microorganisms10102082

Cited by 14 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…This study employed SourceTracker to analyze the microbial composition of PM 2.5 . As a classic microbial traceability tool based on Bayesian algorithm, it has been widely used in medical and health care, soil environment and other fields [ 17 , 18 ]. Here, bacteria and fungi from PM 2.5 samples were considered as “sinks” for traceability, while bacteria and fungi from feed and fecal samples were considered as ‘sources’.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics and Traceability Analysis of Microbial Assemblage in Fine Particulate Matter from a Pig House

Wang

Peng

Liu

et al. 2023

Animals

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Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) can carry numerous substances and penetrate deep into the respiratory tract due to its small particle size; associated harmful microorganisms are suspected to increase health risks for humans and animals. To find out the microbial compositions of PM2.5 in piggeries, their interaction and traceability, we collected PM2.5 samples from a piggery while continuously monitoring the environmental indicators. We also identified pathogenic bacteria and allergens in the samples using high-throughput sequencing technology. We analyzed the microbial differences of PM2.5 samples at different heights and during different times of day and investigated the microbial dynamics among the PM2.5 samples. To better understand the interaction between microorganisms and environmental factors among different microbial communities, we applied the network analysis method to identify the correlation among various variables. Finally, SourceTracker, a commonly used microbial traceability tool, was used to predict the source of airborne microorganisms in the pig house. We identified 14 potential pathogenic bacteria and 5 allergens from PM2.5 in the pig houses, of which Acinetobacter was the dominant bacterium in all samples (relative abundance > 1%), which warrants attention. We found that bacteria and fungi directly affected the the microbial community. The bacterial community mainly played a positive role in the microbial community. Environmental variables mainly indirectly and positively affected microbial abundance. In the SourceTracker analysis using fecal matter and feed as sources and PM2.5 sample as sink, we found that fecal matter made the greatest contribution to both bacterial and fungal components of PM2.5. Our findings provide important insights into the potential risks of pathogens in PM2.5 to human and animal health and their main sources.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics and Traceability Analysis of Microbial Assemblage in Fine Particulate Matter from a Pig House

Wang

Peng

Liu

et al. 2023

Animals

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“…40 These changes in quantity and/or composition of lung microbiota during disease, also called dysbiosis, can lead to lung inflammation and progression of both acute and chronic pulmonary diseases. 17,20,43,50 Moreover, in disease states the lung microbiome can be seeded by sources other than the oral cavity: with stressors such as sepsis, 51 stroke, 52,53 traumatic brain injury, 54 and critical illness, 55 gut microbes can translocate to the lungs (►Fig. 2), where they are often associated with worse patient outcomes.…”

Section: The Lung Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

The Oral–Lung Microbiome Axis in Connective Tissue Disease-Related Interstitial Lung Disease

Bongers,

Massett,

O'Dwyer

2024

Semin Respir Crit Care Med

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Connective tissue disease-related interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD) is a frequent and serious complication of CTD, leading to high morbidity and mortality. Unfortunately, its pathogenesis remains poorly understood; however, one intriguing contributing factor may be the microbiome of the mouth and lungs. The oral microbiome, which is a major source of the lung microbiome through recurrent microaspiration, is altered in ILD patients. Moreover, in recent years, several lines of evidence suggest that changes in the oral and lung microbiota modulate the pulmonary immune response and thus may play a role in the pathogenesis of ILDs, including CTD-ILD. Here, we review the existing data demonstrating oral and lung microbiota dysbiosis and possible contributions to the development of CTD-ILD in rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren's syndrome, systemic sclerosis, and systemic lupus erythematosus. We identify several areas of opportunity for future investigations into the role of the oral and lung microbiota in CTD-ILD.

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“…Clinical study has demonstrated that Enterobacteriaceae predominantly constitute the bacterial population responsible for lung infections in patients with brain injuries ( Yang et al., 2023 ). Furthermore, TBI often coexists with intestinal barrier dysfunction and dysbiosis, thereby creating opportunities for the translocation of gut bacteria ( Yang et al., 2022 ). Therefore, the gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the progression of pulmonary inflammation and infection after TBI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The primary source of lysozyme within the small intestine is derived from Paneth cells, which serve a critical function in maintaining intestinal microbiota homeostasis ( Cray et al., 2021 ). The expression of lysozyme in Paneth cells was found to be reduced after sTBI, leading to an increased bacterial translocation to the lung ( Yang et al., 2022 ). Furthermore, a correlation was observed between the decreased levels of lysozyme and gut bacterial translocation ( Yang et al., 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oral administration of lysozyme protects against injury of ileum via modulating gut microbiota dysbiosis after severe traumatic brain injury

Yang,

Xi,

Yao

et al. 2024

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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ObjectiveThe current study sought to clarify the role of lysozyme-regulated gut microbiota and explored the potential therapeutic effects of lysozyme on ileum injury induced by severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) and bacterial pneumonia in vivo and in vitro experiments.MethodsMale 6–8-week-old specific pathogen-free (SPF) C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into Normal group (N), Sham group (S), sTBI group (T), sTBI + or Lysozyme-treated group (L), Normal + Lysozyme group (NL) and Sham group + Lysozyme group (SL). At the day 7 after establishment of the model, mice were anesthetized and the samples were collected. The microbiota in lungs and fresh contents of the ileocecum were analyzed. Lungs and distal ileum were used to detect the degree of injury. The number of Paneth cells and the expression level of lysozyme were assessed. The bacterial translocation was determined. Intestinal organoids culture and co-coculture system was used to test whether lysozyme remodels the intestinal barrier through the gut microbiota.ResultsAfter oral administration of lysozyme, the intestinal microbiota is rebalanced, the composition of lung microbiota is restored, and translocation of intestinal bacteria is mitigated. Lysozyme administration reinstates lysozyme expression in Paneth cells, thereby reducing intestinal permeability, pathological score, apoptosis rate, and inflammation levels. The gut microbiota, including Oscillospira, Ruminococcus, Alistipes, Butyricicoccus, and Lactobacillus, play a crucial role in regulating and improving intestinal barrier damage and modulating Paneth cells in lysozyme-treated mice. A co-culture system comprising intestinal organoids and brain-derived proteins (BP), which demonstrated that the BP effectively downregulated the expression of lysozyme in intestinal organoids. However, supplementation of lysozyme to this co-culture system failed to restore its expression in intestinal organoids.ConclusionThe present study unveiled a virtuous cycle whereby oral administration of lysozyme restores Paneth cell’s function, mitigates intestinal injury and bacterial translocation through the remodeling of gut microbiota.

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Translocation and Dissemination of Gut Bacteria after Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

Cited by 14 publications

References 50 publications

Characteristics and Traceability Analysis of Microbial Assemblage in Fine Particulate Matter from a Pig House

Characteristics and Traceability Analysis of Microbial Assemblage in Fine Particulate Matter from a Pig House

The Oral–Lung Microbiome Axis in Connective Tissue Disease-Related Interstitial Lung Disease

Oral administration of lysozyme protects against injury of ileum via modulating gut microbiota dysbiosis after severe traumatic brain injury

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