Training and Evaluation of Human Cardiorespiratory Endurance Based on a Fuzzy Algorithm

Abstract

Cardiorespiratory endurance refers to the ability of the heart and lungs to deliver oxygen to working muscles during continuous physical activity, which is an important indicator of physical health. Cardiorespiratory endurance is typically measured in the laboratory by maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) which is not a practical method for real-life use. Given the relative difficulty in measuring oxygen consumption directly, we can estimate cardiorespiratory endurance on the basis of heart beat. In this paper, we proposed a fuzzy system based on the human heart rate to provide an effective cardiorespiratory endurance training program and the evaluation of cardiorespiratory endurance levels. Trainers can respond correctly with the help of a smart fitness app to obtain the desired training results and prevent undesirable events such as under-training or over-training. The fuzzy algorithm, which is built for the Android mobile phone operating system receives the resting heart rate (RHR) of the participants via Bluetooth before exercise to determine the suitable training speed mode of a treadmill for the individual. The computer-based fuzzy program takes RHR and heart rate recovery (HRR) after exercise as inputs to calculate the cardiorespiratory endurance level. The experimental results show that after 8 weeks of exercise training, the RHR decreased by an average of 11%, the HRR increased by 51.5%, and the cardiorespiratory endurance evaluation level was also improved. The proposed system can be combined with other methods for fitness instructors to design a training program that is more suitable for individuals.

AGING & MUSCULAR FUNCTION: A SELECTED REVIEW OF LITERATURE WITH EMPHASIS ON CARDIORESPIRATORY ENDURANCE AND FUNCTIONAL PERFORMANCE RESPONSE TO RESISTANCE EXERCISE

“…Cardiorespiratory endurance refers to the ability of the heart and lungs to deliver oxygen to working muscles during continuous physical activity and it is an important indicator of physical health (Cheng, Chiu, & Su, 2019). Pollock et al (1998) recommended physical activities that involve large muscle groups (walking, jogging, swimming, cycling, rope skipping etc.…”

“…), done at 50 % -90 % of maximum heart rate intensity, 3-5 days/week, either continuously or intermittently for 20-60 min, for improving cardiorespiratory endurance. Traditionally, the majority of training studies have used aerobic modalities to improve cardiorespiratory endurance and have not specifically targeted skeletal muscle or used resistance training (Cheng, Chiu & Su, 2019;Maiorana et al, 2001;Pollock et al, 1998). Furthermore, resistance training has not been studied as often, especially in patients with chronic heart failure, due to the assumption of producing cardiac overload, hemodynamic burden, decreased myocardial perfusion, or causing wall motion abnormalities or arrhythmias (Maiorana et al, 2001).…”

Pengaruh Latihan Interval Training Dengan Running Circuit Terhadap Peningkatan Vo2max

“…Salah satu olahraga yang dapat meningkatkan kerja jantung dan paru-paru menjadi maksimal adalah dengan melakukan jenis olahraga aerobik, karena hubungannya dengan kebugaran aerobik yaitu pemanfaatan oksigen yang disalurkan ke seluruh tubuh secara maksimal. (Cheng, Chiu, & Su, 2019) Selanjutnya adalah hubungan antara lari dengan kapasitas tubuh dalam menyerap oksigen melalui kerja jantung dan paru-paru atau yang biasa di sebutVo2 Max. Sejumlah penelitian menunjukan bahwa meningkatkan VO2 max dapat dengan latihan pada intensitas detak jantung 65% sampai 85% dari detak jantung maksimum, selama setidaknya 20 menit, frekuensi 3-5 kali seminggu.…”

“…Untuk melatih VO2 max, ada beberapa hal yang harus diperhatikan, latihan harus menggunakan otot-otot besar tubuh secara intensif (terus-menerus) dalam durasi yang relatif lama (Astuti, 2019). Latihan yang baik untuk meningkatkanVo2 Max adalah jenis latihan cardio atau aerobik, latihan yang memacu detak jantung, paru dan sistem otot (Hulke & Phatak, 2015) Latihan harus berlangsung dalam durasi yang relatif lama namun dengan intensitas sedang (Cheng et al, 2019). Sejumlah penelitian menunjukan bahwa meningkatkanVo2 Max dapat dengan latihan pada intensitas detak jantung 65% sampai 85% dari detak jantung maksimum , selama setidaknya 20 menit, frekuensi 3-5 kali seminggu dari French & long (2012:56).…”

Selected Papers from 2019 IEEE Eurasia Conference on Biomedical Engineering, Healthcare and Sustainability (IEEE ECBIOS 2019)

“…Cheng et al reported "Training and Evaluation of Human Cardiorespiratory Endurance Based on a Fuzzy Algorithm" [6]. In this paper, we proposed a fuzzy system based on the human heart rate to provide an effective cardiorespiratory endurance training program and the evaluation of cardiorespiratory endurance levels.…”