Traits linked with species invasiveness and community invasibility vary with time, stage and indicator of invasion in a long‐term grassland experiment

Catford, Jane A.; Smith, Annabel L.; Wragg, Peter D.; Clark, Adam Thomas; Kosmala, Margaret; Cavender‐Bares, Jeannine; Reich, Peter B.; Tilman, David

doi:10.1111/ele.13220

Cited by 121 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…However, short-lived alien species do not tend to be more dominant than long-lived alien species in sites with close-to-natural disturbances (Catford et al, 2019), such as ours. Our sampling was not balanced by region; instead, species were mainly from Eurasia, and most were introduced to North America, which is consistent with global trends (van Kleunen et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Not a melting pot: Plant species aggregate in their non‐native range

Stotz

Cahill

Bennett

et al. 2019

Global Ecol Biogeogr

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Aim: Plant species continue to be moved outside of their native range by human activities. Here, we aim to determine whether, once introduced, plants assimilate into native communities or whether they aggregate, thus forming mosaics of native-and alien-rich communities. Alien species might aggregate in their non-native range owing to shared habitat preferences, such as their tendency to establish in high-biomass, species-poor areas.Location: Twenty-two herbaceous grasslands in 14 countries, mainly in the temperate zone.Time period: 2012-2016. Major taxa studied: Plants.Methods: We used a globally coordinated survey. Within this survey, we found 46 plant species, predominantly from Eurasia, for which we had co-occurrence data in their native and non-native ranges. We tested for differences in co-occurrence patterns of 46 species between their native (home) and non-native (away) range. We also tested whether species had similar habitat preferences, by testing for differences in total biomass and species richness of the patches that species occupy in their native and non-native ranges. Results:We found the same species to show different patterns of association depending on whether they were in their native or non-native range. Alien species were negatively associated with native species; instead, they aggregated with other alien species in species-poor, high-biomass communities in their non-native range compared with their native range. Main conclusions:The strong differences between the native (home) and non-native (away) range in species co-occurrence patterns are evidence that the way in which species associate with resident communities in their non-native range is not species dependent, but is instead a property of being away from their native range. These results thus highlight that species might undergo important ecological changes when introduced away from their native range. Overall, we show origin-dependent associations that result in novel communities, in which alien-rich patches exist within a mosaic of native-dominated communities. K E Y W O R D Salien species, biodiversity threats, biological invasions, grassland ecology, native range, novel ecosystems

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Not a melting pot: Plant species aggregate in their non‐native range

Stotz

Cahill

Bennett

et al. 2019

Global Ecol Biogeogr

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“…While fishes rank amongst the most threatened groups of aquatic animals (Gozlan, Britton, Cowx, & Copp, ) they are also amongst the most commonly introduced organisms, with 624 species reported to have become invasive due to fish farming, ornamental fish trade, and fisheries (Gozlan, ). Some species are more successful invaders than others, but our understanding of which traits increase invasion success is still limited (Catford et al, ). Besides r ‐selected life‐history traits (Sakai et al, ), the ability to increase genetic diversity amongst offspring via multiple paternity (MP) has been suggested to explain invasion success of both invertebrate and vertebrate species (e.g., Miller, Russel, MacInnes, Abdelkrim, & Fewster, ; Yue et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographical and temporal variation of multiple paternity in invasive mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki, Gambusia affinis)

et al. 2019

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Multiple paternity (MP) increases offspring's genetic variability, which could be linked to invasive species' evolvability in novel distribution ranges. Shifts in MP can be adaptive, with greater MP in harsher/colder environments or towards the end of the reproductive season, but climate could also affect MP indirectly via its effect on reproductive life histories. We tested these hypotheses by genotyping N = 2,903 offspring from N = 306 broods of two closely related livebearing fishes, Gambusia holbrooki and Gambusia affinis. We sampled pregnant females across latitudinal gradients in their invasive ranges in Europe and China, and found more sires per brood and a greater reproductive skew towards northern sampling sites. Moreover, examining monthly sampling from two G. affinis populations, we found MP rates to vary across the reproductive season in a northern Chinese, but not in a southern Chinese population. While our results confirm an increase of MP in harsher/more unpredictable environments, path analysis indicated that, in both cases, the effects of climate are likely to be indirect, mediated by altered life histories. In both species, which rank amongst the 100 most invasive species worldwide, higher MP at the northern edge of their distribution probably increases their invasive potential and favours range expansions, especially in light of the predicted temperature increases due to global climate changes.

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“…They can involve the whole web of interactions in the resident community (White et al 2006, Hui & Richardson 2018, Rossberg & Barabás 2019. They may thus be highly unpredictable (Catford et al 2019), both because of their complexity and also because few, if any, interaction networks are exhaustively known and accurately quantified (Frost et al 2019). The question is, therefore, whether we can understand the essential features of invader and resident communities that control the qualitative nature of long-term impacts (e.g., benign effect or extinctions) and their magnitude.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fitness and community feedbacks: the two axes that drive long-term invasion impacts

Arnoldi

Barbier

Kelly

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Many facets of ecological theory rely on the analysis of invasion processes, and general approaches exist to understand the early stages of an invasion. However, predicting the long-term transformations of communities following an invasion remains a challenging endeavour. We propose an analytical method to predict whether these impacts can be large, as a function of community structure and invader dynamical characteristics, applicable to a wide class of dynamical models. Our approach reveals that short-term invasion success and long-term consequences are two independent axes of variation controlled by different properties of both invader and resident community. Whether a species can invade is controlled by its invasion fitness, which depends on environmental conditions and direct interactions with resident species. But whether this invasion will cause significant transformations, such as extinctions or a regime shift, depends on a specific measure of indirect feedbacks that may involve the entire resident community. Using this metric, we investigate how the complexity, specialization and asymmetry of invader-resident and resident-resident interactions may affect the severity of invasion impacts. Our approach applies to arbitrarily complex communities, from few competing phenotypes to large nonlinear food webs, and hints at new questions to ask as part of any invasion analysis.

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Traits linked with species invasiveness and community invasibility vary with time, stage and indicator of invasion in a long‐term grassland experiment

Cited by 121 publications

References 60 publications

Not a melting pot: Plant species aggregate in their non‐native range

Not a melting pot: Plant species aggregate in their non‐native range

Geographical and temporal variation of multiple paternity in invasive mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki, Gambusia affinis)

Fitness and community feedbacks: the two axes that drive long-term invasion impacts

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