Transcriptional Expression in Human Periodontal Ligament Cells Subjected to Orthodontic Force: An RNA-Sequencing Study

Abstract

This study was performed to investigate the changes in gene expression in periodontal ligament (PDL) cells following mechanical stimulus through RNA sequencing. In this study, premolars extracted for orthodontic treatment were used. To stimulate the PDL cells, an orthodontic force of 100× g was applied to the premolar (experimental group; n = 11), whereas the tooth on the other side was left untreated (control group; n = 11). After the PDL cells were isolated from the extracted teeth, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis, and real-time PCR were performed to compare the two groups. GSEA demonstrated that gene sets related to the cell cycle pathway were upregulated in PDL. Thirteen upregulated and twenty downregulated genes were found through DEG analysis. Real-time PCR results confirmed that five upregulated genes (CC2D1B, CPNE3, OPHN1, TANGO2, and UAP-1) and six downregulated genes (MYOM2, PPM1F, PCDP1, ATP2A1, GPR171, and RP1-34H18.1-1) were consistent with RNA sequencing results. We suggest that, from among these eleven genes, two upregulated genes, CPNE3 and OPHN1, and one downregulated gene, PPM1F, play an important role in PDL regeneration in humans when orthodontic force is applied.

Orthodontically induced changes to the genetic profile in periodontal ligament tissue and cytokine release in gingival crevicular fluid – A pilot investigation

“…On Day 7, the DEGs were related to mitotic cell cycle, which had some similarities to a previous study on transcriptional expression in human PDL tissue after 3-week administration of orthodontic force. 23 Although their DEGs had no commonality with those in our study, their gene set enrichment analysis revealed that their DEGs were related to cell cycle, cell mitosis, and DNA replication, which is similar to our results on Day 7 after force delivery. Combining our data with theirs could imply that 1–3 weeks after OTM, the mRNA expression indicated activation of cell cycle pathway.…”

Unraveled roles of Cav1.2 in proliferation and stemness of ameloblastoma

“…Based on significant DEGs (adjusted p-value < 0.01), gene ontology (GO) analysis was performed using a R package for comparison of biological themes in gene clusters, clusterProfiler [ 43 ]. The steps were followed as previously described [ 44 ].…”

BBS7–SHH Signaling Activity Regulates Primary Cilia for Periodontal Homeostasis

“…Based on significant DEGs (adjusted p-value < 0.05), gene ontology (GO) analysis was performed using an R package for comparison of biological themes in gene clusters, clusterProfiler (Yu et al, 2012). The steps were followed as previously described (Kim et al, 2020).…”