Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Candidate Genes Associated with Leaf Etiolation of a Cytoplasmic Male Sterility Line in Chinese Cabbage (Brassica Rapa L. ssp. Pekinensis)

Abstract

Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is universally utilized in cruciferous vegetables. However, the Chinese cabbage hau CMS lines, obtained by interspecific hybridization and multiple backcrosses of the Brassica juncea (B. juncea) CMS line and Chinese cabbage, show obvious leaf etiolation, and the molecular mechanism of etiolation remains elusive. Here, the ultrastructural and phenotypic features of leaves from the Chinese cabbage CMS line 1409A and maintainer line 1409B are analyzed. The results show that chloroplasts of 1409A exhibit abnormal morphology and distribution. Next, RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) is used to identify 485 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between 1409A and 1409B, and 189 up-regulated genes and 296 down-regulated genes are found. Genes that affect chloroplasts development, such as GLK1 and GLK2, and chlorophyll biosynthesis, such as PORB, are included in the down-regulated DEGs. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis validate that the expression levels of these genes are significantly lower in 1409A than in 1409B. Taken together, these results demonstrate that leaf etiolation is markedly affected by chloroplast development and pigment biosynthesis. This study provides an effective foundation for research on the molecular mechanisms of leaf etiolation of the hau CMS line in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis).

Physiological and transcriptome analysis reveal molecular mechanism in Salvia miltiorrhiza leaves of near-isogenic male fertile lines and male sterile lines

“…The research shows that net photosynthetic rate is 50% lower in male sterile mutants of Nicotiana sylvestris [36]. Other researchers have also reported significant reduction of photosynthetic rate in other male sterile plants [38, 39]. Our results show that the chloroplast structure is abnormal and the performance of photosynthesis is consistent with other research results [40].…”

Physiological and transcriptome analysis reveal molecular mechanism in Salvia miltiorrhiza leaves of near-isogenic male fertile lines and male sterile lines

“…The research shows that net photosynthetic rate is 50% lower in male sterile mutants of Nicotiana sylvestris [36]. Other researchers have also reported significant reduction of photosynthetic rate in other male sterile plants [38,39]. Our results show that the chloroplast structure is abnormal and the performance of photosynthesis is consistent with other research results [40].…”

Analysis of metabolic pathways related to fertility restoration and identification of fertility candidate genes associated with Aegilops kotschyi cytoplasm in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

“…Transcription factors can regulate structural genes related to specific traits, and thus their effects on plant growth and development may be greater than those of structural genes. Based on previous studies of transcription factors [25–27] and the annotation information obtained from the Nr database (ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/blast//db/FASTA/), 47 DEGs were predicted to encode transcription factors, which were divided into nine families comprising WRKY, bHLH, MYB, MADS-box, NAC, GATA, RF2a, MYC2, and NAI1 transcription factors. The WRKY transcription factors were most common and they were encoded by 14 DEGs, which accounted for 30% of the total, followed by bHLH transcription factors (seven DEGs, 15%) and MYB transcription factors (five DEGs, 11%) (Fig.…”