Transgenic cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) expressing Bacillus thuringiensis Vip3Ba protein are protected against the Maruca pod borer (Maruca vitrata)

Bett, Bosibori; Gollasch, Stephanie; Moore, Andy; James, William; Armstrong, Jim; Walsh, Tom; Harding, Robert M.; Higgins, T. J. V.

doi:10.1007/s11240-017-1287-3

Cited by 55 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Cow pea is an important food crop in many African countries, and is harmed by Lepidopteron pest, Maruca vitrata (Family: Crambidae). The Vip3Ba1 gene, isolated from Australian Bt isolates, was transformed and expressed in cowpea to provide protection against legume pod borer (M. vitrata), by strongly inhibiting larvae growth [93]. Similarly, a transgenic corn event (C008 and C010) expressing Vip3Aa19 has been found to be highly toxic against black cut worm [94].…”

Section: Transgenic Crops Expressing Vip Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Insights on Vegetative Insecticidal Proteins (Vip) as Next Generation Pest Killers

Syed

Askari

Meng

et al. 2020

Toxins

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Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a Gram negative soil bacterium. This bacterium secretes various proteins during different growth phases with an insecticidal potential against many economically important crop pests. One of the important families of Bt proteins is vegetative insecticidal proteins (Vip), which are secreted into the growth medium during vegetative growth. There are three subfamilies of Vip proteins. Vip1 and Vip2 heterodimer toxins have an insecticidal activity against many Coleopteran and Hemipteran pests. Vip3, the most extensively studied family of Vip toxins, is effective against Lepidopteron. Vip proteins do not share homology in sequence and binding sites with Cry proteins, but share similarities at some points in their mechanism of action. Vip3 proteins are expressed as pyramids alongside Cry proteins in crops like maize and cotton, so as to control resistant pests and delay the evolution of resistance. Biotechnological- and in silico-based analyses are promising for the generation of mutant Vip proteins with an enhanced insecticidal activity and broader spectrum of target insects.

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Section: Transgenic Crops Expressing Vip Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Insights on Vegetative Insecticidal Proteins (Vip) as Next Generation Pest Killers

Syed

Askari

Meng

et al. 2020

Toxins

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“…This contradicted Omo-Ikerodah et al (2009) findings where reciprocal differences were important in conditioning resistance to flower thrips among cowpea genotypes. However, the occurrence of significant reciprocal by location interaction effects (Table 5) between the reciprocal families indicated that the expression of the cytoplasmic factors on thrips damage scores depended on the environmental factors as well as in the case of the nuclear genes (Boukar et al, 2013;Bett et al, 2017;Oladejo et al, 2017). Consequently, the use of the resistant genotype as female parent could confer superior resistance on the F2s in different locations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inheritance of cowpea resistance to flower thrips in Uganda germplasm

Agbahoungba¹,

Karungi²,

Badji³

et al. 2018

J. Plant Breed. Crop Sci.

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Flower thrips [Megalurothrips sjostedti (Trybom)] is the most damaging insect pest on cowpea. However, information regarding the nature of gene action governing the inheritance of resistance to thrips is not available for cowpea genotypes in Uganda. This study was carried out to determine the inheritance pattern of cowpea resistance to flower thrips. Five resistant cowpea genotypes and three susceptible genotypes were crossed in full diallel mating design. F2 progenies were evaluated along with the parents in alpha lattice design with two replications under natural thrips infestation at Kabanyolo, Arua and Serere in Uganda. Combining ability analysis was performed using method one and model one of diallel analysis. The results showed that the environmental effects were highly significant (P<0.001). Additive, dominance and epistasis effects had major contributions. The broad sense heritability varied from 18 to 42% for thrips damage scores and from 0 to 6% for thrips counts. The estimates of narrow sense heritability were low for thrips damage score (2 to 18%) and thrips counts (0 to 9%). Genotypes TVU-1471 and TVU-1509 were identified as good transmitters of resistance to flower thrips. Crosses TVU-1509 x NE5, TVU-473 x Sanzi, TVU-123 x Sanzi, TVU-123 x TVU-473, and TVU-473 x TVU-1509 presented significant (P<0.05) and negative SCA effects for thrips damage scores and thrips counts and would be the most useful in breeding as some of their progenies would have high resistance to flower thrips. This study provides the basis of an efficient breeding program of cowpea for flower thrips resistance.

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“…The transgenic Bt cowpea lines, when evaluated in the field, showed high levels of resistance to Maruca as the larvae which are responsible for causing damages on cowpea flowers, pods, seeds, and young shoots were killed following their feeding on the plant (Mohammed et al, 2014). One major limitation of the Bt genes is their poor expression in higher eukaryotes (Bett et al, 2017), and a second limitation is their selective properties that target mostly Lepidopteran species. This implies that cowpea farmers who adopt these transgenic varieties will still need to protect their crops against other insect pests that are not controlled by Bt gene.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introgression Breeding in Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.]

et al. 2020

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The narrow base of genetic diversity characteristic of cowpea can be attributed to it being self-pollinating, evolving from narrow wild germplasm and exhibiting very limited gene flow between wild and cultivated types. Backcrossing to introduce simply inherited desirable traits and utilization of improved breeding lines and varieties as parents in crossing programs further narrowed the genetic base of cowpea varieties. In most cowpea breeding programs, genes for resistance and market traits were pyramided into lines characterized by high levels of acceptance to farmers and consumers. Besides predisposing widely distributed improved varieties to genetic vulnerability, a narrow base of genetic variation may be contributing to the plateauing in cowpea grain yield, which compromises genetic gains. Cross compatible wild relatives have not been used in variety development because breeders shy away from them due to their tiny seed size, unattractive seed coat color and texture, pod shattering, and susceptibility to viruses. A number of wild cowpea relatives, both within and outside section Catiang of Vigna species, have been evaluated for their reaction to cowpea insect pests and diseases. Vigna vexillata lines were resistant to the legume pod borer (Maruca vitrata), the cowpea weevil (Callosobruchus maculatus), and Striga gesnerioides but are cross incompatible with cultivated cowpea. Some lines among the cross compatible wild relative V. unguiculata ssp. dekindtiana were found to be resistant to aphid in the seedling stage, while others showed good levels of drought and heat tolerance. Molecular markers are being generated to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) with effects on some desirable attributes in cowpea. Modern breeding tools, including transgenics, can be applied for the improvement of cowpea, bypassing the natural barriers of traditional breeding. Transgenic cowpea with Bt gene cry1Ab showing resistance to M. vitrata has been released in Nigeria. Genome editing, a powerful emerging tool, can also be used for developing improved cowpea varieties with durable resistance to pests and diseases.

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Transgenic cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) expressing Bacillus thuringiensis Vip3Ba protein are protected against the Maruca pod borer (Maruca vitrata)

Cited by 55 publications

References 73 publications

Current Insights on Vegetative Insecticidal Proteins (Vip) as Next Generation Pest Killers

Current Insights on Vegetative Insecticidal Proteins (Vip) as Next Generation Pest Killers

Inheritance of cowpea resistance to flower thrips in Uganda germplasm

Introgression Breeding in Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.]

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