Transition, radiation and propagation loss in polymer multimode waveguide bends

Papakonstantinou, Ioannis; Wang, Kai; Selviah, David R.; Fernández, FA

doi:10.1364/oe.15.000669

Cited by 69 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Four types of losses occur in rectangular waveguides with bends: input and output coupling, transition, radiation and propagation loss [18,19]. Since the shape of the waveguide is not optimized we have chosen not to focus on transition and coupling losses.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

UV patterned nanoporous solid-liquid core waveguides

Gopalakrishnan¹,

Sagar²,

Christiansen³

et al. 2010

Opt. Express

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Nanoporous Solid-Liquid core waveguides were prepared by UV induced surface modification of hydrophobic nanoporous polymers. With this method, the index contrast (δn = 0.20) is a result of selective water infiltration. The waveguide core is defined by UV light, rendering the exposed part of a nanoporous polymer block hydrophilic. A propagation loss of 0.62 dB/mm and a bend loss of 0.81 dB/90° for bend radius as low as 1.75 mm was obtained in these multimode waveguides.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

UV patterned nanoporous solid-liquid core waveguides

Gopalakrishnan¹,

Sagar²,

Christiansen³

et al. 2010

Opt. Express

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“…More importantly, bends are usually attached to other, for example, straight waveguides resulting in a modal mismatch and additional loss at the transition point. The different types of loss radiate in different directions from the waveguide [10]. The relative strengths of the various types of loss must be found so that other waveguides on the backplane can be arranged to reduce crosstalk and optimise the layout of an optical data link.…”

Section: Design Rules For Bendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9 which suggests that TR is almost unrelated to the radius of curvature. The effect of R on loss can be found from design curves for waveguide bends [10]. The product of insertion efficiency and misalignment tolerance for tapered bends is 0.650TR -0.09.…”

Section: Design Rules For Tapered Bendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photolithographically manufactured acrylate polymer multimode optical waveguide loss design rules

Wang¹,

Selviah²,

Papakonstantinou

et al. 2008

2008 2nd Electronics Systemintegration Technology Conference

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This paper describes how design rules are established for photolithographically manufactured acrylate polymer optical multimode waveguide components by optical experimental measurements made on the manufactured waveguide component. The loss of individual waveguide components, such as straight sections, 90°bends, crossings, tapers and tapered bends must be known so that the combined loss of a cascade of such elements can be found to determine whether the interconnection's optical power budget is sufficient to achieve a good bit error rate. However, the loss depends on several factors: the materials: the polymer used for the core and for the cladding, the fabrication technique: e.g. the photolithographic procedure and the precise temperature baking regime used, and the measurement technique: the optical source lateral size and angular divergence and precise position relative to the entrance of the waveguide, the output detector lateral size, its angular acceptance angle (if any) and its precise position relative to the exit of the waveguide. The experiments reported on photolithographically manufactured acrylate polymer multimode waveguide were performed at room temperature. A new technique for measure the transmitted power at waveguide crossings is reported for the first time.

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“…To characterise the behaviour of optical waveguide backplane systems in real world conditions, including cycling temperature, high humidity and vibration. The results of the research are being disseminated through a range of public conference presentations and proceedings [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29], private talks to other polymer waveguide researchers at IMEC, Ghent University and IBM Zurich, circuit engineering publications for PCB manufacturers, [30][31] and through peer reviewed academic journals [32][33][34][35] …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%