Translation between Heat Loss Measured Using Guarded Sweating Hot Plate, Sweating Manikin, and Physiologically Assessed Heat Stress of Firefighter Turnout Ensembles

Ross, Kevin; Barker, Roger L.; Deaton, A. Shawn

doi:10.1520/stp104510t

Cited by 3 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…19 Because manikin THL calculations are based upon measurements taken in two different environments, the heat loss values are predictive rather than actual measurements. 24 MTHL ( predicted ) was calculated according to the following equation (Equation (1)) at 25℃/65% RH using the resistance data gathered from both ASTM test methods. 24 where MTHL ( predicted , T , RH ) is the predicted manikin THL for specified environmental conditions (W/m 2 ), T is the specified temperature condition (℃), RH is the specified RH (%), T s is the specified temperature at the manikin surface (℃), T a is the specified temperature of the local environment (℃), P s is the calculated water vapor pressure at the surface of the manikin (kPa), P a is the calculated water vapor pressure in the specified local environment (kPa), R t is the total thermal resistance of the clothing ensemble and surface air layer (℃·m 2 /W), and R et is the total evaporative resistance of the test ensemble and surface air layer (kPa·m 2 /W).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…24 where MTHL ( predicted , T , RH ) is the predicted manikin THL for specified environmental conditions (W/m 2 ), T is the specified temperature condition (℃), RH is the specified RH (%), T s is the specified temperature at the manikin surface (℃), T a is the specified temperature of the local environment (℃), P s is the calculated water vapor pressure at the surface of the manikin (kPa), P a is the calculated water vapor pressure in the specified local environment (kPa), R t is the total thermal resistance of the clothing ensemble and surface air layer (℃·m 2 /W), and R et is the total evaporative resistance of the test ensemble and surface air layer (kPa·m 2 /W). 24,26…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This method takes into account the amount of body surface area covered by different materials and various numbers of layers, the fit of the garment, and the increased surface area for heat loss. 24,25 Environmental conditions, including air temperature and humidity, can have a significant effect on the heat and moisture transfer through a garment. If air temperature is equal to or greater than skin temperature (35 C), convective heat loss is no longer possible and the body relies on the evaporation of sweat to remove heat from the body.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Analysis of air gap volume in structural firefighter turnout suit constructions in relation to heat loss

McQuerry

DenHartog

Barker

2017

Textile Research Journal

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Air layers in multi-layer firefighter clothing ensembles resist heat transfer from the body to the environment. By reducing the volume of air between clothing layers, heat loss may be improved throughout the multi-layer firefighter turnout suit clothing system, potentially leading to reduced heat strain for the wearer. This research utilized a systems-level approach to the methodology in order to measure the effects of fabric properties and garment air gap dimensions on clothing system heat loss through specially configured turnout suit constructions. One experimental configuration incorporated a tight fitting stretchable moisture barrier garment. Another construction used thermal knit underwear to represent a closer fitting thermal liner. Air gap surface area, volume, and thickness were estimated using three-dimensional body scanning. This study showed the significant impact of fabric air permeability and clothing air gap volume on heat loss through structural firefighter suits. Tested individually, the tighter fitting moisture barrier construction permitted greater heat loss in comparison to the traditional fit moisture barrier. Heat loss differences associated with moisture barrier fit were not observed when the moisture barriers were configured in the three-layer turnout clothing system. This research showed that microclimate air gap volume is strongly correlated with total heat loss. It confirmed the significant impact of clothing air layers on heat loss through firefighter turnout systems.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Analysis of air gap volume in structural firefighter turnout suit constructions in relation to heat loss

McQuerry

DenHartog

Barker

2017

Textile Research Journal

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A review of garment ventilation strategies for structural firefighter protective clothing

McQuerry

Hartog

Barker

et al. 2015

Textile Research Journal

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The purpose of this review article is to evaluate ventilation, within protective clothing, for its benefit towards heat loss. Literature from ventilation studies in the sports apparel, outdoor clothing, military, chemical, and firefighter protection industries will be examined for future research opportunities. Challenges to ventilation such as garment placement, protection, wearability, and durability will be discussed in the context of turnout suits. Ventilation designs will be considered for further evaluation in structural firefighter turnout garments. This article serves as the first comprehensive review of ventilation literature for structural firefighter turnout ensembles. Researchers, technologists, and functional apparel designers may all benefit from such a review. The value of ventilation and its potential contribution to current firefighter turnout research will be discussed.

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Review of the study of relation between the thermal protection performance and the thermal comfort performance of firefighters’ clothing

Lei

2022

Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics

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This paper reviews the current evaluation methods of thermal protection performance and thermal comfort performance for fabric and clothing from standard and non-standard tests. The test environment includes thermal radiation, thermal convection, flash fire, and so on. The research of this paper will promote the formulation and improvement of the new standard of Fire clothing. The future researches on thermal protection performance, and thermal comfort performance should be closer to the real fire environment. At the same time, the study of relation between the thermal protection performance and the thermal comfort performance of fire-fighters’ clothing is reviewed. The shortcomings of current researches and the focus of future researches are expounded. This study not only provides guidelines and suggestions for the research, development, design and selection of fire-fighters’ clothing, but also helps to better understand the relationship between thermal protection performance and thermal comfort performance of fire fighter clothing. Meanwhile, it provides a reference for improving the testing methods and establishing the testing standards of fire fighter clothing.

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Translation between Heat Loss Measured Using Guarded Sweating Hot Plate, Sweating Manikin, and Physiologically Assessed Heat Stress of Firefighter Turnout Ensembles

Cited by 3 publications

References 3 publications

Analysis of air gap volume in structural firefighter turnout suit constructions in relation to heat loss

Analysis of air gap volume in structural firefighter turnout suit constructions in relation to heat loss

A review of garment ventilation strategies for structural firefighter protective clothing

Review of the study of relation between the thermal protection performance and the thermal comfort performance of firefighters’ clothing

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