Transparent Conductors from Carbon Nanotubes LBL-Assembled with Polymer Dopant with π−π Electron Transfer

Zhu, Jian; Shim, Bong Sup; Prima, Matthew Di; Kotov, Nicholas A.

doi:10.1021/ja111687t

Cited by 82 publications

(72 citation statements)

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“…64,65 Several studies have addressed the LbL assembly of carbon nanotubes. [66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73] These and other studies show LbL to yield a very high SWNT content, up to 50 wt%. In contrast, other common methods to load nanotubes within a polymer matrix (e.g.…”

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confidence: 64%

Carbon nanotube bundling: influence on layer-by-layer assembly and antimicrobial activity

et al. 2013

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Antimicrobial surfaces are potentially useful for a variety of health care related applications. Single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) have shown promise as antimicrobial agents, but important questions persist concerning the effects of tube bundling, a common phenomenon owing to strong hydrophobicity. We investigate 15 here the influence of bundling on the layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly of SWNT with charged polymers, and on the antimicrobial properties of the resultant films. We employ a poly(ethylene glycol) functionalized phospholipid (PL-PEG) to disperse SWNT in aqueous solution, and consider cases where SWNT are dispersed i) as essentially isolated objects and ii) as small bundles. Quartz crystal microgravimetry 20 with dissipation (QCMD) and ellipsometry measurements show the bundled SWNT system to adsorb in an unusually strong fashion -with layers twice (when hydrated) and three times (when dried) as thick as those of isolated SWNT. Molecular dynamics simulation reveals a lower PL-PEG density and degree of solution extension on bundled versus isolated SWNT. These, and especially the lower polymer density 25 results in a lower degree of steric repulsion, which together with stronger van der Waals attraction, may explain the thicker adsorbed layers. Scanning electron micrographs reveal Escherichia coli on films with bundled SWNT to be essentially engulfed by the nanotubes, whereas the bacteria rest upon films with isolated SWNT. While both systems inactivate 90% of bacteria in 24 h, the bundled SWNT system is 30 "fast-acting," reaching this inactivation rate in 1 h. This study demonstrates the significant impact of SWNT bundling on LbL assembly, explores its microscopic origins, and illustrates its use toward bacteria-engulfing, fast-acting, antimicrobial coatings. IntroductionThe impressive physical, mechanical, chemical, electronic, and optical properties of carbon nanotubes (CNT) have established them as a primary research focus since their discovery by Iijima. 1 Research has focussed on developing applications in energy production and storage systems, 2 reinforcements for highperformance composites, 3 sensing materials, 4, 5 drug delivery vehicles, 6, 7 cancer therapeutics, 8,9 and antimicrobial agents. 10,11 Although discovered only recently, the antimicrobial activity of CNT has attracted significant attention. [11][12][13][14][15][16][17] Antimicrobial materials are designed to kill bacteria, and could be used to prevent the infection of medical devices. There are approximately 2 million cases of nosocomial infections in the US annually, and half are associated with implantable devices.18 Thus far, the focus has been primarily on bio-inspired antimicrobial surfaces such as antimicrobial peptides, bacteriolytic enzymes and essential oils, antimicrobial polymers with protonated amine groups, and various antibiotics. [19][20][21] CNT possess certain advantages over other antimicrobial agents: they are highly stable, do not leach over time, are easy to functionalize, and are proving to be compatible with ...

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confidence: 64%

Carbon nanotube bundling: influence on layer-by-layer assembly and antimicrobial activity

et al. 2013

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“…It is necessary to point out that the above examples from LBL assembled SPG films all fell well short of ITO [52] unlike those for carbon nanotubes [53,54]. There may be two reasons for the poor performance: (1) the presence of interflake tunneling barriers, (2) the presence of large amounts of functional groups in SPG that are hard to be removed completely by existing reduction methods.…”

Section: Applications Of Spg Multilayers Transparent Conducting Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene-based multilayers: Critical evaluation of materials assembly techniques

2012

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“…Zhu et al developed transparent conductors by LbL assembly of carbon nanotubes. 42 Conventional transparent conductors based on coating of carbon nanotubes and related materials have several deficiencies such as poor mechanical properties, significant roughness, lowtemperature resilience and rapid loss of conductivity. To overcome these difficulties, LbL assembly of hydroethyl cellulose and sulfonated polyetheretherketone-coated carbon nanotubes was performed ( Figure 9).…”

Section: Physicochemical Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forming nanomaterials as layered functional structures toward materials nanoarchitectonics

et al. 2012

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Although progress in nanotechnology is anticipated to stimulate the development of innovative materials, the areas of nanotechnology and materials science are somehow separated with little common ground in current technologies. Nanotechnology has some analytical aspects that are beneficial mainly to the nanoscopic sciences at the atom or molecular levels. Experience of these advanced techniques has only been applied in synthetic approaches to macroscopic materials in rather immature level. Forming nanomaterials into hierarchic and organized structures is a rational way of preparing advanced functional materials. Recently, one of us coined the term materials' nanoarchitectonics to express this innovation. This review focuses on recent research to develop functional materials by forming nanomaterials into organized structures, especially in well-ordered layered structural motifs. This layered nanoarchitectonics can be achieved by using the versatile technology of layer-by-layer assembly. Reassembly of bulk materials into novel layered structures through layered nanoarchitectonics has created many innovative functional materials in a wide variety of fields as can be seen in ferromagnetic nanosheets, sensors, flame-retardant coatings, transparent conductors, electrodes and transistors, walking devices, drug release surfaces, targeting drug carriers and cell culturing.

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Transparent Conductors from Carbon Nanotubes LBL-Assembled with Polymer Dopant with π−π Electron Transfer

Cited by 82 publications

References 69 publications

Carbon nanotube bundling: influence on layer-by-layer assembly and antimicrobial activity

Carbon nanotube bundling: influence on layer-by-layer assembly and antimicrobial activity

Graphene-based multilayers: Critical evaluation of materials assembly techniques

Forming nanomaterials as layered functional structures toward materials nanoarchitectonics

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