“…However, in the present study, we used only trauma occurrence (whether a trauma had occurred for a participant) and frequency, measured on a 5-point Likert-type scale (0 = never; 5 = many times). The CST-S has shown adequate internal consistency (α = .85), and test-retest stability (.95 in 4 weeks), and predictive, convergent, and divergent validity in several different studies (e.g., Bedoya et al, 2020 ; Eltan, 2019 ; Head, Singh, & Bugg, 2012 ; Kira et al, 2018a ; Kira et al, 2019b ; Kira, Barger, Shuwiekh, Kucharska, & Al-Huwailah, 2019a ; Kira, Barger, Shuwiekh, Kucharska, & Al-Huwailah, 2020a ; Kira, Fawzi, & Fawzi, 2013b ; Robles, Badosa, Roig, Pina, & Feixas Viaplana, 2009 ). The measure has been translated and validated in several languages, including Arabic, Polish, Spanish, Turkish, Korean, Burmese, and Yoruba.…”