Treatability of wood for pressure treatment processes: a literature review

Tarmian, Asghar; Tajrishi, Ismaeil Zahedi; Oladi, Reza; Efhamisisi, Davood

doi:10.1007/s00107-020-01541-w

Cited by 52 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 152 publications

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“…However, surface liquid permeability was significantly greater compared to core liquid permeability for the continuous and high temperature dried samples (Table 3). The greater mean permeability of low temperature schedule dried timber compared to high temperature schedule dried timber in this study is contrary to other studies which have shown the opposite result of a greater permeability with greater temperature drying (Booker and Evans 1994;Zhang and Cai 2008;Lande et al 2010), although there are contradictory reports about the effects of drying method on wood permeability and treatability (Tarmian et al 2020). The reasons presented for the reported trend of greater permeability with higher temperature drying include the effects of high temperature drying schedules on the wood microstructure, such as the collapse of thin-walled cells resulting in the creation of interstitial spaces; rupturing in pit torus, pit borders, and cell walls; creation of micro-checks caused by the high temperature drying process, improving liquid penetration; and mobilisation and dispersal of natural wood resin (Tiemann 1910;Weiss 1912;Booker and Evans 1994;Winandy et al 2001;Zhang and Cai 2008;Lande et al 2010).…”

Section: Permeabilitycontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…In Australia, the majority of the southern pine sawn timber production is treated with insecticides and/or fungicides to prevent degradation in service. Treatability measures the extent to which a porous material such as wood can be impregnated with liquids such as wood preservatives (Tarmian et al 2020). The treatability of wood is usually measured by the amount of uptake of preservative solution, active ingredient penetration, and retention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of drying method on the wood permeability, wettability, treatability, and gluability of southern pine from Australia

Leggate

Kumar²,

McGavin

et al. 2020

BioRes

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Drying has a major impact on the viability of sawn timber production, particularly through its influence on productivity, energy usage, and product quality. Traditionally, plantation-grown southern pine structural grade timber from Australia has been dried using high temperature (≥ 180 °C) conventional batch kilns. However, the Australian industry is showing increasing interest in continuous drying kilns because of reported cost savings and potential improvements in product quality. This study investigated the differences between continuous drying and conventional drying schedules on the radial permeability, wettability, gluability, and treatability of southern pine timber from Queensland plantations. The high temperature drying resulted in significantly lower liquid permeability compared to low temperature drying; however, there were no significant differences between drying schedules for gas permeability. For combined wood surface and core data, there were no significant differences in liquid permeability between low temperature drying and continuous drying or between continuous drying and high temperature drying schedules. For earlywood after surface machining, continuous drying resulted in the greatest wettability (based on K-values), whereas for latewood after surface machining, low temperature drying produced the greatest wettability. Earlywood had greater wettability compared to latewood. Continuous drying resulted in better gluability and treatability compared to conventional drying schedules.

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Section: Permeabilitycontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of drying method on the wood permeability, wettability, treatability, and gluability of southern pine from Australia

Leggate

Kumar²,

McGavin

et al. 2020

BioRes

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“…These results suggest that for achieving excellent impregnation for glued wood products in the case of pine, the width of the product should be smaller than 60 mm. Of course, by increasing the impregnation time and pressure, wider products could also be impregnated as efficiently (Yildiz 2007;Tarmian et al 2020). The results also show that the penetration rate of the water and Cu compounds significantly differs.…”

Section: Impregnation Efficiency Of Glued Wood Specimensmentioning

confidence: 90%

The potential of improving wood preservative penetration into glued wood products bonded with one-component polyurethane by discontinuous adhesive bondline design

et al. 2021

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As a vast majority of glued wood products are intended for outdoor use or for building construction, impregnation with different agents is important for ensuring proper performance. It has been shown that the impregnation prior to gluing has several disadvantages, therefore the possibility of carrying out impregnation after gluing is analysed in the present research. Impregnation efficiency as well as the effect on the bond quality is evaluated for the one-component polyurethane glued wood specimens. The results showed that the impregnation with Cu preservative after gluing did not affect the shear strength of the glued wood specimens, but did significantly restrict Cu preservative penetration due to the adhesive bondlines. Considering the results, the possibility of improving the impregnation efficiency was also investigated. By using specific adhesive application designs, which cover the bondline only partially, it was possible to improve the impregnation efficiency. However, the Cu distribution was inhomogeneous and the improvement was noticeable only up to the second bondline. The partial adhesive application design also affected the bond strength of glued wood specimens, which resulted in a decrease both in dry and wet state. However, the reduction was not so sever as to cause delamination during three consecutive wetting and drying cycles.

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“…Since the size of AC powder is approximately 100 µm, the AC suspension could diffuse into the open end of the rubberwood cells (located at an approximate depth of 121 nm from the surface) and become trapped on the outer surface of the rubberwood, after which the essential oil could be absorbed via hollow capillaries of the AC and easily penetrate the rubberwood. The essential oil should then migrate into the small diameter openings via diffusion (Tarmian et al 2020). The essential oil passed through the pits in the cell walls into the adjoining tracheids.…”

Section: Microstructure Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlled release of essential oil from a rubberwood box using activated carbon to extend the shelf life of strawberries and its possible mode of action

Phothisuwan

Matan

2021

BioRes

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The controlled release of bergamot oil was evaluated from rubberwood boxes containing activated carbon and bergamot oil. Rubberwood boxes impregnated with different concentrations of bergamot oil (50, 100, and 300 µg g−1) with and without activated carbon were prepared. The treated rubberwood boxes were utilized to store strawberries at 6 °C for 21 d, while boxes with only activated carbon were used as a control. The inhibitory effects relative to Botrytis cinerea growth and quality of the strawberries after storage in rubberwood box were investigated. The microstructure of the rubberwood was evaluated via scanning electron microscopy. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry was used to quantify the volatile compounds. The rubberwood boxes with activated carbon and 100 µg g−1 of bergamot oil were found to inhibit Botrytis cinerea growth on strawberries and extend their shelf life for at least 21 d. Compared to rubberwood boxes without activated carbon, activated carbon was able to retard the release of bergamot oil into the system, yielding increased strawberry quality. Releasing less bioactive components from bergamot oil could decrease undesirable effects on strawberries, e.g., tissue, weight loss, flavour, and colour changes.

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Treatability of wood for pressure treatment processes: a literature review

Cited by 52 publications

References 152 publications

The effects of drying method on the wood permeability, wettability, treatability, and gluability of southern pine from Australia

The effects of drying method on the wood permeability, wettability, treatability, and gluability of southern pine from Australia

The potential of improving wood preservative penetration into glued wood products bonded with one-component polyurethane by discontinuous adhesive bondline design

Controlled release of essential oil from a rubberwood box using activated carbon to extend the shelf life of strawberries and its possible mode of action

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