Treatment and Prevention of Oral Candidiasis in Elderly Patients

Sakaguchi, H

doi:10.3314/mmj.17.004

Cited by 24 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…In the oral tissues, candidiasis may appear as pseudomembranous white plaques, erythematous areas, chronic atrophic white plaques, or angular cheilitis. 19 , 21 Immunocompetent patients rarely present oral candidiasis. 22 In terminal cancer patients, Candida colonization was detected in 26% of the patients, but clinical findings showed angular cheilitis in 11% and pseudomembranous candidiasis in 9%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The frequency of oral conditions detected in hematology inpatients

Gomes

Silva

Noce

et al. 2018

Hematology, Transfusion and Cell Therapy

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BackgroundOral manifestations may be the first signs of hematologic diseases, and may occur due to the disease itself or to treatment.ObjectiveTo evaluate the frequency and types of oral conditions presented by patients on a hematology ward.MethodsData were collected by oral examinations during weekly visits to a hematology ward. Six trained dentists performed the oral assessment based on the principles of oral semiology. All patients who accepted to be examined were included in the study. Patients who were unavailable or unable to have oral examinations were excluded. Data were recorded on protocol forms and in the electronic records of the institution. A descriptive analysis was performed.ResultsSeventy-nine patients were included in the analysis; 50.6% were female and the mean age was 41.49 years. The most common reasons for hospitalization were chemotherapy and complications (81%), relapse (13.9%) and pre-transplant preparation (5%). The most frequent underlying diseases were multiple myeloma (17.7%), acute myeloid leukemia (15.4%) and acute lymphocytic leukemia (11.5%). Oral conditions were found in 36 (45.6%) patients, some of whom presented more than one condition. The most common oral conditions were dry lips (12.6%), mucositis (10.1%), petechiae (8.9%) and candidiasis (7.6%). Of the detected oral conditions, 56.9% were related to the underlying disease or chemotherapy and 20.2% were not related to the disease.ConclusionThis study shows the types and frequency of oral conditions observed in hematological inpatients. Awareness of these conditions is important for prevention and planning the care of patients with hematological diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The frequency of oral conditions detected in hematology inpatients

Gomes

Silva

Noce

et al. 2018

Hematology, Transfusion and Cell Therapy

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“…Several reports have documented minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) or minimum bactericidal concentrations of hinokitiol towards various oral bacteria, including Streptococcus mutans , Porphyromonas gingivalis , Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans . Thus, hinokitiol has been used in oral care products, such as toothpastes and oral‐care gels, which are used to prevent and treat oral infectious diseases and halitosis …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[8][9][10] Thus, hinokitiol has been used in oral care products, such as toothpastes and oral-care gels, which are used to prevent and treat oral infectious diseases and halitosis. 11,12 Dental caries and periodontal diseases are common oral infectious diseases caused by bacterial colonization on tooth surfaces. The bacterial species that are considered the most cariogenic are the mutans streptococci, especially S. mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus.…”

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confidence: 99%

Antibacterial activity of hinokitiol against both antibiotic‐resistant and ‐susceptible pathogenic bacteria that predominate in the oral cavity and upper airways

Domon

Hiyoshi

Maekawa

et al. 2019

Microbiology and Immunology

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Hinokitiol, a component of the essential oil isolated from Cupressaceae, possesses antibacterial and antifungal activities and has been used in oral care products. In this study, the antibacterial activities of hinokitiol toward various oral, nasal and nasopharyngeal pathogenic bacteria, including Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, methicillin‐resistant and ‐susceptible Staphylococcus aureus, antibiotic‐resistant and ‐susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Streptococcus pyogenes were examined. Growth of all these bacterial strains was significantly inhibited by hinokitiol, minimal inhibitory concentrations of hinokitiol against S. mutans, S. sobrinus, P. gingivalis, P. intermedia, A. actinomycetemcomitans, F. nucleatum, methicillin‐resistant S. aureus, methicillin‐susceptible S. aureus, antibiotic‐resistant S. pneumoniae isolates, antibiotic‐susceptible S. pneumoniae, and S. pyogenes being 0.3, 1.0, 1.0, 30, 0.5, 50, 50, 30, 0.3–1.0, 0.5, and 0.3 μg/mL, respectively. Additionally, with the exception of P. gingivalis, hinokitiol exerted bactericidal effects against all bacterial strains 1 hr after exposure. Hinokitiol did not display any significant cytotoxicity toward the human gingival epithelial cell line Ca9‐22, pharyngeal epithelial cell line Detroit 562, human umbilical vein endothelial cells, or human gingival fibroblasts, with the exception of treatment with 500 μg/mL hinokitiol, which decreased numbers of viable Ca9‐22 cells and gingival fibroblasts by 13% and 12%, respectively. These results suggest that hinokitiol exhibits antibacterial activity against a broad spectrum of pathogenic bacteria and has low cytotoxicity towards human epithelial cells.

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“…Our dataset is including the patients aged ≤ 74 years. The prevalence for oral candida is generally observed with lower physical conditions such as elderly patients in Japan [17]. In our JMDC database patients are mainly focused working age population and their family members.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of drug–drug interaction in atrial fibrillation patients based on a large claims data

et al. 2019

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This study aimed to compare and determine the prevalence of drug–drug interaction (DDI) and bleeding rate in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients receiving anticoagulants in a clinical setting. We used large claims data of AF patients obtained from the Japan Medical Data Center. The prevalence of DDIs and cases leading to bleeding events were surveyed clinically relevant DDIs extracted from 1) reported from a spontaneous adverse event reporting system (Japanese Adverse Drug Events Report system; JADER) ≥4 patients; 2) DDIs cited in the package inserts of each anticoagulant (each combination assessed according to “Drug interaction 2015” list; 3) warfarin and quinolone antibiotics DDIs. DDIs were categorized the mechanisms for pharmacokinetic DDI (Cytochrome P450 (CYP) or transporter etc. that modulate blood concentration of anticoagulants)/pharmacodynamic DDI (combination with similar pharmacological actions) or both in the analysis for each patients’ prescriptions obtained from a claims data. AF patients were compared between cases with and without bleeding after administered of anticoagulants. Bleeding was observed in 220/3290 (6.7%) AF patients. The bleeding rate in patients with both pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic DDI mechanisms (26.3%) was higher than that in patients with either mechanism (8.6% and 9.2%, respectively) or without DDIs (4.9%). The odds ratio for bleeding in AF patients with both of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic was (7.18 [4.69–11.00], p<0.001). Our study concluded multi mechanism based DDIs leads serious outcome as compared to that of single mechanism based DDIs in AF patients. We determined the prevalence and frequency of bleeding for anticoagulant-related DDIs. To manage DDIs, both pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic DDI mechanisms should be closely monitored for initial symptoms of bleeding within the first 3 months.

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Treatment and Prevention of Oral Candidiasis in Elderly Patients

Cited by 24 publications

References 1 publication

The frequency of oral conditions detected in hematology inpatients

The frequency of oral conditions detected in hematology inpatients

Antibacterial activity of hinokitiol against both antibiotic‐resistant and ‐susceptible pathogenic bacteria that predominate in the oral cavity and upper airways

Prevalence of drug–drug interaction in atrial fibrillation patients based on a large claims data

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