Trends of Athletic Identity Over Time: A Two-Part Retrospective Study

Athletic Identity and Conformity to Masculine Norms Among College Football Players

“…In attempting to interpret this relationship, it is important to consider developmental perspectives on self-identity. For example, recent research into identification with the athlete role (e.g., Houle, Brewer, & Kluck, 2010) suggests that athletic identity may increase from adolescence and remain elevated into young adulthood, with variability depending on continuing competitive sport involvement and other factors. As a result, future researchers should continue to examine factors that influence the developmental trajectory of identity development, both within sport and outside of sport.…”

Changes in Athletic Identity and Life Satisfaction of Elite Athletes as a Function of Retirement Status

“…Miller and Kerr (2003) also observed that the importance of the athlete role decreased over time as studentathletes matured. Houle, Brewer, and Kluck (2010) investigated the development of athletic identity over three age groups (10 years, 15 years, and adulthood) and found that it increased until the age of 15 and then stayed at that level into young adulthood. The literature also suggests that athletic identity can change in response to certain events, such as success or failure.…”

The Embodied Experience of a Football Championship Subdivision Student-Athlete

“…Houle and colleagues also found that coaches reported to have rewarded athletes who were willing to strive above and beyond standards (Houle et al, 2010;Krane et al, 1997). The extent to which athletes are rewarded due to the amount of success they experience is one of many factors that influence how strongly the athlete identifies with the athletic role (Brewer et al, 1993;Houle et al, 2010). Stephan and Brewer (2007) explored the social and personal issues that influence an athlete's athletic identity.…”

“…Brewer et al (1993) introduced the concept of athletic-identity that is simply referred to as the extent to which an individual identifies with the athlete role. Houle, Brewer, and Kluck (2010) identified a tendency for athletes to experience external encouragement from coaches, parents, and schools to embed their identities in their athletic involvement (Kerr & Dacyshyn, 2000;Klint & Weiss, 1986;Krane, Greenleaf, & Snow, 1997;Lavalle & Robinson, 2007). Houle and colleagues also found that coaches reported to have rewarded athletes who were willing to strive above and beyond standards (Houle et al, 2010;Krane et al, 1997).…”

“…Houle, Brewer, and Kluck (2010) identified a tendency for athletes to experience external encouragement from coaches, parents, and schools to embed their identities in their athletic involvement (Kerr & Dacyshyn, 2000;Klint & Weiss, 1986;Krane, Greenleaf, & Snow, 1997;Lavalle & Robinson, 2007). Houle and colleagues also found that coaches reported to have rewarded athletes who were willing to strive above and beyond standards (Houle et al, 2010;Krane et al, 1997). The extent to which athletes are rewarded due to the amount of success they experience is one of many factors that influence how strongly the athlete identifies with the athletic role (Brewer et al, 1993;Houle et al, 2010).…”