Truly Distributed Optical Fiber Sensors for Structural Health Monitoring: From the Telecommunication Optical Fiber Drawling Tower to Water Leakage Detection in Dikes and Concrete Structure Strain Monitoring

Hénault, Jean-Marie; Moreau, G.; Blairon, Sylvain; Salin, Jean; Courivaud, Jean-Robert; Taillade, Frédéric; Merliot, Erick; Dubois, Jean-Philippe; Bertrand, Johan; Buschaert, Stéphane; Mayer, Stefan; Delépine-Lesoille, Sylvie

doi:10.1155/2010/930796

Cited by 49 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…After fibre-optic Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) systems became available on the market, continuous measurements over kilometres became possible with a spatial resolution down to 1 m. Optical cables can now be easily installed also in existing embankments, buried in the soil lengthwise the dike, in a narrow trench excavated at the toe 10 or under the surface of the downstream slope. Details on the functioning principles of fibre-optic sensors are given in Henault et al (2010).…”

Section: Early Detection Of Internal Erosionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of distributed temperature measurements for early detection of piping in river embankments

Bersan¹,

Koelewijn²,

Simonini³

2017

Preprint

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Abstract.Internal erosion is the cause of a significant percentage of failure and incidents involving both dams and river embankments in many countries. In the past 20 years the use of fibre-optic Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) in dams has proved to be an effective tool for detection of leakages and internal erosion. This work investigates the effectiveness of DTS for dike monitoring, focusing on early detection of backward erosion piping, a mechanism that affects the foundation 10 layer of structures resting on permeable, sandy soils. The paper presents data from a piping test performed on a large-scale experimental dike equipped with a DTS system together with a large number of accompanying sensors. The effect of seepage and piping on the temperature field is analysed, eventually identifying the processes that cause the onset of thermal anomalies around piping channels and thus enable their early detection. Making use of dimensional analysis, the factors that influence that thermal response of a dike foundation are identified. Eventually some tools are provided that can be helpful for 15 the design of monitoring systems and for interpretation of temperature data.

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Section: Early Detection Of Internal Erosionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of distributed temperature measurements for early detection of piping in river embankments

Bersan¹,

Koelewijn²,

Simonini³

2017

Preprint

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“…Based on the European guide for qualification of non-destructive tests 7, evaluation of the sensing cable performances is conducted through a "from the lab to the field" methodology [8]. Two main issues have to be considered.…”

Section: Performances Of Sensing Cables For the Monitoring Of Concretmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this experiment, several types of cables were embedded in a concrete building slab, as detailed in reference [8]. The first goal of this test was to assess the robustness of the cable under harsh conditions similar to that occurring on working sites, and especially during the concrete pouring stage, as shown in Figure 6.…”

Section: Field Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Qualification of a truly distributed fiber optic technique for strain and temperature measurements in concrete structures

Hénault

Salin²,

Moreau³

et al. 2011

EPJ Web of Conferences

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Abstract. Structural health monitoring is a key factor in life cycle management of infrastructures. Truly distributed fiber optic sensors are able to provide relevant information on large structures, such as nuclear power plants or nuclear waste disposal facilities. The sensing chain includes an optoelectronic unit and a sensing cable made of one or more optical fibers. A new instrument based on Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry (OFDR), enables to perform temperature and strain measurements with a centimeter scale spatial resolution over hundred of meters and with a level of precision equal to 1 strain and 0.1• C. Several sensing cables are designed with different materials targeting to last for decades, either embedded in the concrete or attached to the surface of the structure. They must ensure an optimal transfer of temperature and strain from the concrete matrix to the optical fiber. Based on the European guide FD CEN/TR 14748 "Non-destructive testing -Methodology for qualification of non-destructive tests", a qualification method was developed. Tests were carried out using various sensing cables embedded in the volume or fixed to the surface of plain concrete specimens and representative-scale reinforced concrete structural elements. Measurements were performed with an OFDR instrument, while mechanical solicitations were imposed to the concrete element. Preliminary experiments seem very promising since measurements performed with distributed sensing systems are found comparable to values obtained with conventional sensors used in civil engineering and with the Strength of Materials Modelling. Moreover, the distributed sensing system makes it possible to detect and localize cracks appearing in concrete during the mechanical loading.

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“…Leak localization techniques can be divided into two categories: external and internal (ADEC 2000). The use of external methods like acoustic logging (Pilcher 2007), penetrating radar (Hugenschmidt and Kalogeropoulos 2009) or liquid detection methods (Henault et al 2010) has some drawbacks like needing a large number of sensors, not being suitable for application in large urban areas, or being invasive. Internal methods use continuously monitored data to infer the position of leaks using models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leak Detection and Localization through Demand Components Calibration

Sanz

Pérez

Kapelan

et al. 2016

J. Water Resour. Plann. Manage.

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The success in the application of any model-based methodology (e.g. design, control, supervision) highly depends on the availability of a well calibrated model. The calibration in water distribution networks needs to be performed online due to the continuous evolution of demands. During the calibration process, background leakages or bursts can be unintentionally incorporated to the demand model and treated as a system evolution (change in demands). This work proposes a leak detection and localization approach to be coupled with a calibration methodology that identifies geographically distributed parameters. The approach proposed consists in comparing the calibrated parameters with their historical values to assess if changes in these parameters are caused by a system evolution or by the effect of leakage. The geographical distribution allows to associate an unexpected behavior of the calibrated parameters (e.g. abrupt changes, trends, etc.) to a specific zone in the network. The performance of the methodology proposed is tested on a real water distribution network using synthetic data. Tested scenarios include leaks occurring at different locations and ranging from 2.5% to 13% of the total consumption. Leakage is represented as pressure-dependent demand simulated as emitter flows at the network nodes. Results show that even considering a low number of sensors, leaks with an effect on parameters higher than the parameters' uncertainty can be correctly detected and located within 200 meters.

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Truly Distributed Optical Fiber Sensors for Structural Health Monitoring: From the Telecommunication Optical Fiber Drawling Tower to Water Leakage Detection in Dikes and Concrete Structure Strain Monitoring

Cited by 49 publications

References 23 publications

Effectiveness of distributed temperature measurements for early detection of piping in river embankments

Effectiveness of distributed temperature measurements for early detection of piping in river embankments

Qualification of a truly distributed fiber optic technique for strain and temperature measurements in concrete structures

Leak Detection and Localization through Demand Components Calibration

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