Tumor-acidity and bioorthogonal chemistry-mediated construction and deconstruction of drug depots for ferroptosis under normoxia and hypoxia

Antitumor Activity of the Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Coated with Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin and Doxorubicin Complex In Vitro and In Vivo

“…Acidity is a unique hallmark of the tumor microenvironment. − Many pH-sensitive nanomedicines were designed and prepared to respond to the acidic tumor microenvironment promoting antitumor efficiency. − Inorganic nanomaterials, which possess a diverse range of structure, composition, morphology, and physicochemical properties have been used in cancer treatment and diagnosis as delivery carriers. − Recently, various metal oxides or calcium-based nanomaterials have been widely used as pH-sensitive inorganic nanomaterials. − It has been reported that ZnO NPs could be used as pH-responsive drug carriers, which possess pH-triggered drug release characteristics displaying a response to acid and a rapid dissolution to Zn 2+ at pH <5.5, especially in lysosomes used for intracellular drug delivery platforms. − The intracellular Zn 2+ produced by ZnO NPs has cytotoxic effects in tumor cells. , In addition, ZnO NPs could significantly induce the generation of ROS in tumor cells. − In particular, ZnO NPs can make full utilization of disproportional reaction, Haber–Weiss reaction, or Fenton reaction to compensate for O 2 -depletion, thus greatly improving the therapeutic efficacy against hypoxic tumors . ZnO NPs also have good optical properties and high stability to be a promising candidate for bioimaging. , ZnO NPs could be used to in situ upconvert NIR to visible light through the second harmonic generation (SHG) mechanism for tumor imaging. , Recently, we designed an H 2 O 2 -triggered intelligent photodynamic therapy (PDT) nano delivery system, LCL/ZnO, that could selectively regulate the tumor-derived endothelial cells (TECs) and specifically kill tumor cells by producing different singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ) in response to different H 2 O 2 gradients in TECs and tumor cells .…”

Kidney‐Targeted Nanoparticles Loaded with the Natural Antioxidant Rosmarinic Acid for Acute Kidney Injury Treatment

“…[19,38] PAMAM, bearing long and soft chains at their periphery, is the most promising polyamine cationic dendrimers in the field of biomedicine, as a carrier of drugs, genes, and vaccines for sustained and targeted drug release. [39,40] PAMAM dendrimers include three architectural components: a reactant core molecule, highly branched polymeric layers, and a multivalent periphery. [41] Thanks to its embellished surface functionalities and significant internal cavities, it can be widely used for drug and gene delivery applications.…”

Unsaturated phospholipid modified FeOCl nanosheets for enhancing tumor ferroptosis

“…27–29 However, due to the extremely short lifetime of ˙OH (<1 ns), 30 it can only attack the cell active components near its sites of generation from the Fenton reaction for inducing tumor ferroptosis. 31 Therefore, many hydroxyl radicals annihilate before attacking the active components in the cell. The extremely low utilization of ˙OH makes it difficult to fully initiate lipid peroxidation in cells and has become a major bottleneck restricting the efficacy of ferroptosis.…”