Tumor‑infiltrating lymphocytes in tissue material combined with systemic lymphocyte inflammation in patients with colorectal cancer

Abstract

The efficacy of cancer immunotherapy has been actively explored in the treatment of various malignant neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract. In light of recent reports, the present study aimed to investigate the combination of the absolute lymphocyte count (ALC), percentage of tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TILs) and tumor progression status in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) who underwent surgery. The medical records of 160 patients diagnosed with CRC were retrospectively reviewed. TILs were determined as a percentage of mononuclear inflammatory cells in the total intratumoral or stromal area as determined in five high power fields (magnification, x200-400), at the invasive front and in the centre of the tumour. Blood samples were obtained within 3 days prior to and 7 days following the surgical treatment. The assessment of the TIL percentage was performed in the tissue at the invasive front and in the centre of the primary tumour mass in combination with the determination of ALC in whole blood samples. The samples were obtained prior to and after surgery from patients with CRC, and the tumour progression status was also assessed (TILs/ALC/tumour progression status). A significant association was observed between the percentage of TILs in the main mass of tumour and the tumour size (P= 0.031), the pT stage (P= 0.049) and the incidence of necrosis (P= 0.037) following surgery. The histological type was associated with the evaluated combined parameters prior to surgery (P= 0.046). Lymph node pouch invasion was associated with TILs at the invasive front of tumour and with ALC prior to and after surgery (P=0.006 and P=0.037). Furthermore, the data indicated that the percentage of TILs located on the invasive front and centre of the tumour, and the ALC prior to and following surgery correlated with the treatment status (P= 0.032, P= 0.018, P≤0.001 and P≤0.001). A significant association was noted between eight features and evaluated combined parameters following surgery. These included the tumour size (P= 0.021), TNM stage (P<0.001), tumour deposits (P= 0.001), incidence of necrosis (P= 0.042) and lymph node metastasis (P<0.001). Furthermore, the degree of invasion of venous (P<0.001), lymphatic (P<0.001) and perineural (P<0.001) sites was also significantly associated with TILs, ALC obtained after surgical treatment and tumor progression status. The data demonstrated that local and systemic chronic inflammation was associated with tumour progression in patients with CRC.

Clinical significance of the expression of FOXP3 and TIGIT in Merkel cell carcinoma

“…Previous studies reported on the heterogeneous spatial distribution of tumor-infiltrating immune cells and their subtypes between the tumor centers and the invasive fronts of various tumors such as breast cancer 19 and colorectal carcinoma 20 . The relationship between FOXP3 expression and the prognosis of MCC is controversial.…”

Nomogram Based on Monocyte-to-Lymphocyte Ratio to Predict Survival of Unresectable Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Who Receive First-Line PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors Combined with Chemotherapy

“…However, the decline of absolute lymphocyte count in peripheral blood was frequently detected in advanced solid tumors [ 34 , 35 ]. It caused the insufficient resupply of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) from blood circulation, promoting tumor cell proliferation and invasion [ 36 , 37 , 38 ]. Since PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors work by blocking the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway to reactivate T lymphocyte-mediated immune response [ 30 , 39 ], the low number of circulating lymphocytes indicated limited immunological activation.…”

Epiteliāli mezenhimālas transformācijas, iekaisuma un cilmes šūnu diferenciācijas saistība kolorektālā vēzī. Promocijas darba kopsavilkums

“…Pētījumā, kurā tika pētīts MMR statuss, primāri operējamā KRV saistībā ar lokālu un sistēmisku iekaisumu netika konstatētas statistiski nozīmīgas atšķirības pie augsta intratumorālo limfocītu (TIL) blīvuma un lokālo struktūru invāzijām(Park, Powell et al, 2016). Savukārt citā nesenā pētījumā, TIL klātbūtne tika saistīta ar venozās, limfātiskās un perineirālās invāzijas neesību(Jakubowska, Koda et al, 2021). Atšķirības pētījumu rezultātos norāda uz sarežģītiem mehānismiem saistībā ar imūnreakciju un audzēja progresiju, kas ir jāņem vērā un jāizpēta rūpīgāk.…”