<div>Fluorescence and chemiluminescence imaging are the most widely applied optical emissive imaging</div><div>methods in biomedical research. “Smart” (turn-on) fluorescence imaging has been routinely used for in</div><div>vitro, cellular, and in vivo imaging; however, smart chemiluminescence imaging has been rarely explored.</div><div>In this report, we designed chemiluminescence probe ADLumin-1 and validated that ADLumin-1 was a</div><div>smart chemiluminescence probe for amyloid beta (Ab) species, evidenced by a 216-fold amplification of</div><div>chemiluminescence intensity upon mixing with Abs in vitro. In vivo two photon imaging indicated that</div><div>ADLumin-1 could efficiently cross blood-brain- barrier (BBB) and provided excellent contrast both for Ab</div><div>plaques and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). In vivo whole brain imaging showed that the</div><div>chemiluminescence signal of ADLumin-1 from 5-month-old transgenic AD (5xFAD) mice was 1.80-fold</div><div>higher than that from the age-matched wild-type mice. Moreover, we demonstrated that it was feasible to</div><div>further dually-amplify signal via chemiluminescence resonance energy transfer (DAS-CRET) using two</div><div>non-conjugated smart probes (ADLumin-1 and CRANAD-3) in solutions, brain homogenates, and in vivo</div><div>whole brain imaging. Our results showed that DAS-CRET could provide a 2.25-fold margin between 5-</div><div>month-old 5xFAD mice and wild type mice. To our knowledge, this is the first report that a</div><div>chemiluminescence probe could be used for detecting Ab species both in vitro and in vivo. Although</div><div>ADLumin-1 was designed for Abs, we believe that our strategy could be potentially extended to a wide</div><div>range of targets, including other aggregating-prone proteins. Notably, our results suggested that the</div><div>strategies for turning-on fluorescence could be used for amplifying chemiluminescence, and we believe that</div><div>our studies could inspire considerably more research on chemiluminescence imaging</div>