Herein,
we report an activatable multifunctional nanocomposite
(denoted as FSMP) for glutathione (GSH) sensing and synergistic theragnostics
to cancer cells. This novel core–shell architecture orderly
consists of a fluorescein isothiocyanate-doped SiO2 core,
a methylene blue (MB)-encapsulated porous MnO2 shell, and
poly(ethylene glycol) for shielding the MB from premature leaking.
The fluorescence of the core will be effectively quenched by MnO2 due to the Förster resonance energy transfer, and
the quenched signals could be recovered in the presence of GSH, as
a result of the reduction of MnO2 to Mn2+. The
constructed GSH sensing nanoplatform shows stable response to GSH
in a linear range of 10–300 μM with the limit of detection
of 2.1 μM. Besides acting as a fluorescence quencher and a GSH
recognizer, MnO2 also serves as a sequence self-reinforcing
Fenton nanoagent based on the GSH sensing to form Mn2+,
which exerts the activity to generate •OH from H2O2. Further, combined with the MB-mediated photodynamic 1O2 generation, the multifunctional nanocomposite
jointly produces an enhanced therapeutic effect. In addition, FSMP
will be degraded within 48 h, thus significantly reducing the potential
nanotoxicity. We believe the MnO2-nanomaterial-based sequence
strategy could potentially improve biochemical analysis and cancer
cell theragnostics applications.