Two fields are better than one: Developmental and cognitive perspectives on underatnding spatial reorientation

Twyman, Alexandra D.; Nardi, Daniele; Newcombe, Nora S.

doi:10.3819/ccbr.2013.80005

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 82 publications

(105 reference statements)

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“…However, past experience is unlikely to be the whole story because another pigeon from Experiment 1 that also had this experience showed similar choice to the birds that did not have this experience. It should be noted that an influence of past experience on use of cues to reorient would be consistent with the adaptive combination theory (Newcombe & Huttenlocher, 2006;Ratliff & Newcombe, 2008;Twyman, Nardi, et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Cue salience influences the use of height cues in reorientation in pigeons (Columba livia).

Du¹,

Mahdi²,

Paul³

2016

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning and Cogniti

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Although orienting ability has been examined with numerous types of cues, most research has focused only on cues from the horizontal plane. The current study investigated pigeons' use of wall height, a vertical cue, in an open-field task and compared it with their use of horizontal cues. Pigeons were trained to locate food in 2 diagonal corners of a rectangular enclosure with 2 opposite high walls as height cues. Before each trial, pigeons were rotated to disorient them. In training, pigeons could use either the horizontal cues from the rectangular enclosure or the height information from the walls to locate the food. In testing, the apparatus was modified to provide (a) horizontal cues only, (b) height cues only, and (c) both height and horizontal cues in conflict. In Experiment 1 the lower and high walls, respectively, were 40 and 80 cm, whereas in Experiment 2 they were made more perceptually salient by shortening them to 20 and 40 cm. Pigeons accurately located the goal corners with horizontal cues alone in both experiments, but they searched accurately with height cues alone only in Experiment 2. When the height cues conflicted with horizontal cues, pigeons preferred the horizontal cues over the height cues in Experiment 1 but not in Experiment 2, suggesting that perceptual salience influences the relative weighting of cues. (PsycINFO Database Record

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Cue salience influences the use of height cues in reorientation in pigeons (Columba livia).

Du¹,

Mahdi²,

Paul³

2016

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning and Cogniti

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“…This line of research began with a straightforward comparative question and blossomed into a line of research that has implications for models of decision making in humans and other animals. Thus, this research provides another example of how the comparative approach-in which animals must be 'asked' using behavioral methods and learning by experience is emphasize-can be fruitfully merged with other disciplines to provide a richer understanding of important cognitive processes (e.g., see Twyman, Nardi & Newcombe, 2013).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative inspiration: From puzzles with pigeons to novel discoveries with humans in risky choice

Madan¹,

Ludvig²

2018

Preprint

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Both humans and non-human animals regularly encounter decisions involving risk and uncertainty. This paper provides an overview of our research program examining risky decisions in which the odds and outcomes are learned through experience in people and pigeons. We summarize the results of 15 experiments across 8 publications, with a total of over 1300 participants. We highlight 4 key findings from this research: (1) people choose differently when the odds and outcomes are learned through experience compared to when they are described; (2) when making decisions from experience, people overweight values at or near the ends of the distribution of experienced values (i.e., the best and the worst, termed the “extreme-outcome rule”), which leads to more risk seeking for relative gains than for relative losses; (3) people show biases in self-reported memory whereby they are more likely to report an extreme outcome than an equally-often experienced non-extreme outcome, and they judge these extreme outcomes as having occurred more often; and (4) under certain circumstances pigeons show similar patterns of risky choice as humans, but the underlying processes may not be identical. This line of research has stimulated other research in the field of judgement and decision making, illustrating how investigations from a comparative perspective can lead in surprising directions.

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“…Finally, we modeled the room-size effect by varying the salience of the featural cue rather than the salience of the geometric cue. Previous discussion of the room size effect has included suggestions that geometric cues may be more noticeable in smaller rooms (Twyman, Nardi, & Newcombe, 2013). However, an approach that varied the salience of geometry would have difficulty in accounting for the continued dominance of the reversal error over the near and far errors in larger rooms where the frequency of the correct choice increases sharply.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An adaptive cue combination model of human spatial reorientation

Regier

Newcombe

2017

Cognition

Self Cite

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Previous research has proposed an adaptive cue combination view of the development of human spatial reorientation (Newcombe & Huttenlocher, 2006), whereby information from multiple sources is combined in a weighted fashion in localizing a target, as opposed to being modular and encapsulated (Hermer & Spelke, 1996). However, no prior work has formalized this proposal and tested it against existing empirical data. We propose a computational model of human spatial reorientation that is motivated by probabilistic approaches to optimal perceptual cue integration (e.g. Ernst & Banks, 2002) and to spatial location coding (Huttenlocher, Hedges, & Duncan, 1991). We show that this model accounts for data from a variety of human reorientation experiments, providing support for the adaptive combination view of reorientation.

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Two fields are better than one: Developmental and cognitive perspectives on underatnding spatial reorientation

Cited by 7 publications

References 82 publications

Cue salience influences the use of height cues in reorientation in pigeons (Columba livia).

Cue salience influences the use of height cues in reorientation in pigeons (Columba livia).

Comparative inspiration: From puzzles with pigeons to novel discoveries with humans in risky choice

An adaptive cue combination model of human spatial reorientation

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