To advance the modeling of low and
ultralow permeability
reservoirs,
this research innovatively introduces new relative permeability models
that incorporate water film effects, aiming to accurately capture
intricate variations observed in experimental data. We analyzed the
primary influencing factors and roles of water film effects in porous
media. Our findings show that the new models provide enhanced and
more robust fitting performance for both gas and liquid phases, with
wider applicability, especially in low and ultralow permeability reservoirs.
Incorporating water film effects into modeling offers a detailed and
efficient approach to understanding their influence on fluid flow
capacity in porous media. We also propose using the copermeation triangular
area as a distinctive quantitative indicator for evaluating two-phase
fluid flow capacity in porous media with varying properties. This
approach addresses the lack of a comprehensive quantitative indicator
for the flow capacity of two-phase fluids in porous media, demonstrating
significant practical value. This study contributes by highlighting
the crucial role of water film effects in accurately modeling fluid
behavior in porous media, enhancing our understanding of the microscopic
controlling mechanisms of fluid flow behavior within porous environments
and providing detailed insights into relative permeability model selection
for fluid flow modeling.