Two stage fluid bed-plasma gasification process for solid waste valorisation: Technical review and preliminary thermodynamic modelling of sulphur emissions

Morrin, Shane; Lettieri, Paola; Chapman, Chris; Mazzei, Luca

doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2011.08.020

Cited by 76 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The main advantage is to achieve a large volume reduction and convert waste to energy, in the form of heat, electricity or fuel. [19][20][21][22][23] Especially for Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), which usually contains a high percentage of combustible portion (around 50%), the treatment process can provide a significant amount of low calorific value fuel gas which is majorly composed of H 2 and CO. [24] other than combusting organic waste, the thermal plasma process also employs extremely high temperatures to dissociated inorganic components are vitrified into inert glass-like slag which can be reused as tiles, glasses or construction materials without chemical leaching problem. [25][26][27] Application of thermal plasma treatment to stormwater sediment was conducted by the same research group.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal plasma treatment of stormwater sediments: comparison between DC non-transferred and partially transferred arc plasma

Guo

Chang³

et al. 2015

Environmental Technology

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The disposal of enormous amount of stormwater sediments becomes an emerging worldwide problem. Stormwater sediments are contaminated by heavy metals, phosphorus, trace organic and hydrocarbons, and cannot be disposed without treatment. Thermal plasma decontamination technology offers a high decomposition rate in a wide range of toxic organic compound and immobilization of heavy metal. In this study, we compared the treatment results between two different modes of thermal plasma: (1) a non-transferred direct current (DC) mode and (2) a partial DC-transferred mode. The reductions of total organic carbon (TOC) were, respectively, 25% and 80% for non-transferred and partially transferred plasma, respectively. Most of the toxic organic compounds were converted majorly to CxHy. In the gaseous emission, the accumulated CxHy, CO, NO and H2S were significantly higher in partially transferred mode than in non-transferred mode. The solid analysis demonstrated that the concentrations of Ca and Fe were enriched by 500% and 40%, respectively. New chemical compositions such as KAlSi3O8, Fe3O4, NaCl and CaSO4 were formed after treatment in partially DC-transferred mode. The power inputs were 1 and 10 kW, respectively, for non-transferred DC mode and a partially DC-transferred mode. With a lower energy input, non-transferred plasma treatment can be used for decontamination of sediments with low TOC and metal concentration. Meanwhile, partially transferred thermal plasma with higher energy input is suitable for treating sediments with high TOC percentage and volatile metal concentration. The organic compounds are converted into valuable gaseous products which can be recycled as an energy source.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal plasma treatment of stormwater sediments: comparison between DC non-transferred and partially transferred arc plasma

Guo

Chang³

et al. 2015

Environmental Technology

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“…It is interesting to conduct the process at elevated temperatures from 500 to 1400 °C and a range of pressure from 1 to 33 bar …”

Section: Process Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Analysis of a New Integrated Gasification Technology Driven by Biomass for Hydrogen and Electricity Cogeneration with a Dual Chemical Looping Process

Zhu

Zheng

2016

Energy Tech

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A process based on biomass gasification integrated with a dual chemical looping technology, namely, chemical looping air separation and iron‐based chemical looping combustion, is proposed to investigate the performance of hydrogen and electricity cogeneration from a thermodynamic perspective. The effects of four vital ratios, namely, steam to biomass, oxygen to biomass, Fe2O3 to carbon, and flue gas to Mn2O3, on the thermodynamic performances of this process are investigated. Meanwhile, a T–Q diagram is involved in the validation of the feasibility of heat‐exchange networks in this process. In parallel, the system efficiencies (such as total energy efficiency and exergy efficiency) are evaluated. The exergy destruction of this process is also analyzed. As a result, the total energy and exergy efficiencies are calculated to be 66.23 and 58.10 %, respectively. Most exergy destruction is caused by the gasifier, which accounts for 40.90 % of the total exergy destruction.

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“…The Tetronics plasma torches are based on DC technologies which can be transferred arc or non-transferred arc, with graphite electrodes or based on the TwinTorch™ system, wherein, two transferred arc torches are of opposite polarity connected in series [117,118]. These different torches represent the basis of all the different waste treatment devices proposed by…”

Section: Europlasma Is a French Company Created In The 90s By Eads-lvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waste Gasification by Thermal Plasma: A Review

Fabry

Rehmet

Rohani

et al. 2013

Waste Biomass Valor

235

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waste gasification processes based on thermal plasma (DC or AC plasma torches) at lab scale versus typical performances of waste autothermal gasification: LHV of the syngas, cold gas efficiency and net electrical efficiency. In the last part, a review has been done on the various torch technologies used for waste gasification by plasma at industrial scale, the major companies on this market and the perspectives of the industrial development of the waste gasification by thermal plasma. The main conclusions are that plasma technology is considered as a highly attractive route for the processing of waste-to-energy and can be easily adapted to the treatment of various wastes (municipal solid wastes, heavy oil, used car tires, medical wastes …). The high enthalpy, the residence time and high temperature in plasma can advantageously improve the conditions for gasification, which are inaccessible in other thermal processes and can allow reaching, due to low tar content in the syngas, better net electrical efficiency than autothermal processes.

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Two stage fluid bed-plasma gasification process for solid waste valorisation: Technical review and preliminary thermodynamic modelling of sulphur emissions

Cited by 76 publications

References 20 publications

Thermal plasma treatment of stormwater sediments: comparison between DC non-transferred and partially transferred arc plasma

Thermal plasma treatment of stormwater sediments: comparison between DC non-transferred and partially transferred arc plasma

Performance Analysis of a New Integrated Gasification Technology Driven by Biomass for Hydrogen and Electricity Cogeneration with a Dual Chemical Looping Process

Waste Gasification by Thermal Plasma: A Review

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