Type-II endometrial cancer: role of adipokines

Garikapati, Kusuma Kumari; Ammu, V.V.V. Ravi Kiran; Krishnamurthy, Praveen Thaggikuppe; Chintamaneni, Pavan Kumar

doi:10.1007/s00404-019-05181-1

Cited by 19 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…This type comprises several histologically invasive subtypes such as grade 3 endometrioid carcinoma, clear cell carcinoma, serous carcinoma, and carcinosarcoma (3). Therefore, type II EC is more likely to have a worse prognosis, with about 70% of them having metastasized outside the uterus at the time of diagnosis (4). Treatments of the two subtypes also differ as type II is more aggressive and have a higher risk for metastases and poorer prognosis than type I tumors (3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The value of the apparent diffusion coefficient in differentiating type II from type I endometrial carcinoma

Chen

Fan

et al. 2020

Acta Radiol

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Background Diagnostic type II endometrial carcinoma (EC) is considered more aggressive and has a poorer prognosis than type I EC; differentiation between them is helpful for preoperative clinical decision-making. However, the diagnostic value of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in differentiating them remains unclear. Purpose To investigate the value of ADC in differentiating type II EC from type I EC. Material and Methods Ninety-four patients with EC who underwent diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) were retrospectively included and divided into type I and type II subgroups, based on the postoperative pathologic results. We analyzed the clinical characteristics, conventional magnetic resonance imaging manifestations, and ADC mean values (ADCmean), ADC minimum values (ADCmin), and ADC max values (ADCmax). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was further used to assess the predictive performance. Results The ADCmean, ADCmin, and tumor size differed significantly between the two subtypes. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for ADCmean and ADCmin was 0.787 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.692–0.88) and 0.835 (95% CI = 0.751–0.919) for predicting type II EC, respectively. The optimal cut-off value of ADCmean for prediction was 0.757 × 10–3 mm2/s with a sensitivity of 91%, a specificity of 58%, and an accuracy of 74%, while for ADCmin was 0.637 × 10–3 mm2/s with a sensitivity of 82%, a specificity of 73%, and an accuracy of 75%. Conclusion EC with lower ADCmean and ADCmin values derived from DWI, and a larger size, are indicative of type II EC.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The value of the apparent diffusion coefficient in differentiating type II from type I endometrial carcinoma

Chen

Fan

et al. 2020

Acta Radiol

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“…Over past decades, hyperinsulinemia and IR have been implicated as playing a major role in diabetes-promoted cancers. Multiple studies were able to demonstrate a direct association between IR and the incidence of EC with several biological mechanisms as a result of their common regulation by molecular factors (such as mediators of inflammation and adipokines) [40][41][42]. Figure 1 presents a model of links between metabolic alterations in the development of this malignancy, highlighting the roles of changes in the insulin and IGF system and mediators of inflammation.…”

Section: Insulin Resistance As a Driving Force For Endometrial Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Resistance to leptin is considered a hallmark of obesity and has been shown to lead to hepatic IR [122]. Importantly, leptin plays a proinflammatory role, contributing to the generation and maintenance of low-grade inflammation, recently also linked to EC [42]. However, literature data regarding circulating levels of adiponectin and leptin in EC report conflicting results [111,123,124].…”

Section: Adipokinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insulin Resistance and Endometrial Cancer: Emerging Role for microRNA

Sidorkiewicz

Jóźwik

Niemira

et al. 2020

Cancers

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Endometrial cancer (EC) remains one of the most common cancers of the female reproductive system. Epidemiological and clinical data implicate insulin resistance (IR) and its accompanying hyperinsulinemia as key factors in the development of EC. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short molecules of non-coding endogenous RNA that function as post-transcriptional regulators. Accumulating evidence has shown that the miRNA expression pattern is also likely to be associated with EC risk factors. The aim of this work was the verification of the relationships between IR, EC, and miRNA, and, as based on the literature data, elucidation of miRNA’s potential utility for EC prevention in IR patients. The pathways affected in IR relate to the insulin receptors, insulin-like growth factors and their receptors, insulin-like growth factor binding proteins, sex hormone-binding globulin, and estrogens. Herein, we present and discuss arguments for miRNAs as a plausible molecular link between IR and EC development. Specifically, our careful literature search indicated that dysregulation of at least 13 miRNAs has been ascribed to both conditions. We conclude that there is a reasonable possibility for miRNAs to become a predictive factor of future EC in IR patients.

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“…Still others such as IL-6 activate pathways that promote cancer cell survival, proliferation, and metastasis. Some even act to undermine the genomic stability of key signaling proteins to indirectly influence cell proliferation 3 . Research has found that an increase in the frequency of pro-inflammatory adipokines and a decrease in the frequency of anti-inflammatory adipokine is what results in the development of cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases associated with obesity.…”

Section: Adipokinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cases can be found in both pre-menopausal and post-menopausal; many cases involve copy number variation and p53 mutations. Pathophysiology of the development of Type II EC involves changes to the function of aforementioned genes such as p53 (inhibition to the apoptosis of genetically dysfunctional cells), as well as modifications of oncogenes such as P13K, Akt, etc 3 . Among women, EC ranks as the fourth most common type of cancer with a declining five-year survival rate and a rising rate of occurrence; thus, being able to effectively prevent, diagnose, and treat this cancer has become more imperative as time passes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Hormonal Imbalances Associated with Obesity on the Incidence of Endometrial Cancer in Postmenopausal Women

Ding¹,

Madu²,

Lu³

2020

J. Cancer

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Obesity has long been associated with endometrial cancer amongst postmenopausal women; in fact, obese women are more than twice as likely to develop endometrial cancer as women of normal weight. The risk of developing this type of cancer increases with weight gains in adulthood, especially among women who did not use hormonal therapy for menopause. Thus, with an association between menopause, obesity, and endometrial cancer established, it prompts the following question: what specific factors could cause higher risk levels for endometrial cancer in this cohort of women? In this paper, the factor of hormonal changes and imbalances associated with both obesity and menopause will be examined. The hormones that will be discussed are insulin and insulin-like factors, estrogen, and adipokines (specifically adiponectin, visfatin, and leptin).

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Type-II endometrial cancer: role of adipokines

Cited by 19 publications

References 93 publications

The value of the apparent diffusion coefficient in differentiating type II from type I endometrial carcinoma

The value of the apparent diffusion coefficient in differentiating type II from type I endometrial carcinoma

Insulin Resistance and Endometrial Cancer: Emerging Role for microRNA

The Impact of Hormonal Imbalances Associated with Obesity on the Incidence of Endometrial Cancer in Postmenopausal Women

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