Ueber Oxime aus α‐halogenisirten Aldehyden, Ketonen und Säuren sowie über Oximessigsäuren

Hantzsch, A.; Wild, W.

doi:10.1002/jlac.18962890303

Cited by 23 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…156°C. is also formed at the same time, but it is the only product if about three times the theoretical amount of hydroxylamine is used (136).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lachrymators.

Jackson¹,

Jackson²

1935

Chem. Rev.

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Many chemical compounds possess more or less lachrymatory properties varying in intensity from mild irritation to severe, with a flow of tears so copious as to blind the victim temporarily. Some of these compounds, like chloropicrin, are also toxic. The lachrymatory property seems to be connected with the halogen group, and all lachrymators contain one of the halogens. In general, those compounds containing iodine have the strongest lachrymatory effect; bromine compounds are less powerful and chlorine compounds still less effective (304). The comparative rarity and expense of iodine makes the use of this element impractical. Most of the lachrymators used during the World War contained bromine and some, like bromobenzyl cyanide, were extremely effective. But bromine is quite expensive as compared with chlorine, and the development of the lachrymator chloroacetophenone, which is as effective as bromobenzyl cyanide, makes it appear probable that in the future no other lachrymatory gas will be manufactured. It is an interesting fact that even as early as 1887 Prof. Bayer, in his lectures to advanced students, included a reference to the military value of lachrymators (180). When tear gas is referred to by the general public, chloroacetophenone is usually meant.The chemical agents introduced during the World War proved very effective, as shown by the reports of the War Departments of the countries involved and the increased number of gas shells fired during the latter part of the war. Despite these facts, there is still an unholy fear of such agents on the part of the average citizen, owing to the mass of war propaganda against the use of gas and the lack of accurate information concerning same.Men fear the unknown; it is easier for them to maintain morale in the face of bullets, naked bayonets, and the sword's edge than in the presence of invisible gas; likewise a mob has less fear of the fire hose, night clubs, and bullets than of gas. There is always the uncertainty in their minds as to the effects of the gas, and more especially if there be a little smoke mixed with it, for they know not what may be behind it. The only real danger of serious injury from using non-toxic tear gas is from the possibility that members of the crowd may be trampled upon in attempts to escape. 195

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“…156°C. is also formed at the same time, but it is the only product if about three times the theoretical amount of hydroxylamine is used (136).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lachrymators.

Jackson¹,

Jackson²

1935

Chem. Rev.

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“…Method a2. 2-[[(2-Chloro-a-methylbenzylidene)amino]oxyjacetic Acid (2). A solution of 5.0 g (0.032 mol) of 2'chloroacetophenone and 3.6 g (0.032 mol) of 2-(aminooxy)acetic acid hemihydrochloride20 in a mixture of 15 mL of pyridine and 40 mL of EtOH was refluxed for 1 h. Then the mixture was concentrated in vacuo, mixed with aqueous NaOH (0.040 mol), and extracted with E1>,0.…”

Section: Methods Al 2-[[(5-chloro-a-methylthenylidene)amino]oxy]aceti...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxime ether derivatives, a new class of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory compounds

J¹,

Jm²

1977

J. Med. Chem.

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A series of new 2-hydroxyethyl and carboxyalkyl ethers of aromatic oximes was found to possess pronounced antiinflammatory activity in the carrageenan-induced edema test in the rat. The activity was limited mainly to derivatives of p-haloacetophenone oxime and of p-halobenzaldehyde oxime. Nevertheless, the hydroxyethyl and carboxyalkyl groups may be converted into many derivatives with maintenance of activity. Some structure-activity relationships are in contrast to those of the well-known antiinflammatory arylacetic acids. The activity is limited to the E stereoisomers. The hydrochloride of 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl (E)-[[(p-chloro-alpha-methylbenzylidene)-amino[oxy]acetate (36, INN name Cloximate) was chosen for clinical evaluation. The first results agree with the pharmacological prospects.

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“…321 These authors showed that pyruvate can be readily reduced to alanine in the presence of sodium cyanoborohydride and ammonia.321 iV-Hydroxyglycine was first prepared in 1896. 322 Recently, however, more general methods for the mild reduction of a-keto acid oximes (178) to N-hydroxy amino acids (179) have been described. [323][324][325] Under…”

Section: C02 I Reductive Amlnatlonmentioning

confidence: 99%