Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak n-Heksana, Etil Asetat, Metanol Daun dan Akar Bakau Merah (Rhyzophora stylosa) dengan Metode DPPH

Abstract

<jats:p>&lt;p&gt;Red mangrove (&lt;em&gt;Rhizophora stylosa&lt;/em&gt;) is one of the mangrove species which is abundance in the coast of Java. The mangrove contains a lot of active compounds that is potent as antioxidant. The objective of this study was to determine antioxidant activity of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol extract of red mangrove leaves and roots using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) method. Active compound extraction of red mangrove is conducted by gradual maceration. According to phytochemical analysis, crude root extract showed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, and steroids/triterpenoids, while crude leave extract showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and steroids/triterpenoids. EC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of methanol extract from red mangrove leaves and roots was 5.01 and 2.55 ppm, respectively, whilst of ethyl acetate extracts from red mangrove leaves and roots was 89.94 and 8.51 ppm, respectively. Crude extract n-hexane has antioxidant activity 33.14 ppm (EC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;). Roots and leaves extracts have high activity of antioxidant.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Keywords: Antioxidant, red mangrove, DPPH method&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bakau merah (&lt;em&gt;Rhizophora stylosa&lt;/em&gt;) merupakan salah satu spesies bakau yang keberadaannya sangat melimpah di pesisir pantai Pulau Jawa dan mengandung banyak senyawa aktif yang berpotensi sebagai antioksidan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktifitas antioksidan ekstrak n-heksana, etil-asetat, metanol pada akar dan daun bakau merah menggunakan metode DPPH. Ekstraksi senyawa aktif pada akar dan daun dilakukan dengan metode maserasi bertingkat menggunakan n-heksana, etil asetat dan metanol. Ekstrak kasar dilakukan uji fitokimia dan aktivitas antioksidannya menggunakan metode DPPH (&lt;em&gt;1,1-difenil-2-pikrilhidrazil&lt;/em&gt;). Hasil pengujian fitokimia dari ekstrak kasar akar menunjukkan adanya senyawa flavonoid, tanin, dan steroid/triterpenoid, sedangkan ekstrak kasar daun menunjukkan adanya alkaloid, flavonoid, tanin, saponin, dan steroid/triterpenoid. Nilai EC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Efficient Concentration&lt;/em&gt;) ekstrak metanol daun dan akar berturut-turut sebesar 5,01 dan 2,55 ppm, sedangkan ekstrak etil-asetat daun dan akar berturut-turut sebesar 89,94 dan 8,51 ppm. Adapun ekstrak n-heksana daun menghasilkan nilai EC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; sebesar 33,14 ppm. Ekstrak akar dan daun bakau merah memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang tinggi.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Kata kunci: Antioksidan, bakau merah, metode DPPH&lt;/p&gt;</jats:p>

Toxicity of mangrove plant extract (Rhizophora stylosa Griff.) using the brine shrimp lethality test method

“…Budiyanto [14] stated that the higher the extract yield, the higher the content of substances that can be withdrawn by the solvent. The results obtained are in line with the results of research conducted by Hanapi et al [1] who reported that R. stylosa leaf extract had the highest percent yield in the polar solvent methanol, namely 18.60%, followed by the semi-polar solvent ethyl acetate (7.09%) and followed by the non-polar solvent n-hexane (4.53%). Manuhuttu and Saimima [15] reported that the largest part of the active compounds in S. alba leaves was soluble in the polar solvent, namely methanol, followed by the semi-polar solvent ethyl acetate and followed by the non-polar solvent n-hexane.…”

“…Terpenoids and steroids are non-polar compounds, so they can be attracted by the n-hexane solvent [17]. Hanapi et al [1] reported that n-hexane extract of R. stylosa leaves contains terpenoid and steroid compounds. Mustafa and Fahmi [18] reported that n-hexane extract of R. mucronata bark contains steroid compounds.…”

“…Methanol extracts of all plant parts contain all the secondary metabolite compounds tested, namely alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids, phenolics, flavonoids, saponins and tannins. Hanapi et al [1] reported that the methanol extract of R. stylosa leaves contains alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids and terpenoids. Paputungan et al [23] reported that the methanol extract of S. alba fruit contains alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, tannins, saponins and steroids.…”

“…The R. stylosa plant is a species from the Rhizophoraceae family that absorbs water, but can prevent salt from entering through filters in the roots [1]. According to Basyuni et al [2], triterpenoid compounds play an important role in protecting R. stylosa from the effects of salt.…”

Review: Antioxidant Activity Test of Various Types of Mangroves

“…DPPH test on methanol extract of R. stylosa leaves showed an EC50 value of 5.01 ppm, ethyl acetate extract 8.51 ppm, and n-hexane extract an EC50 value of 33.14 ppm, while the methanol extract of R. stylose roots showed an EC50 value of 2.55 ppm. This result showed that the extracts of red mangrove leaves and roots have high antioxidant activity [25].…”