Uji Aktivitas Immunomodulator Berbagai Tanaman Famili Piperaceae pada Mencit Galur Balb/C dengan Metode Carbon Clearance

Abstract

Plants of Piperaceae family have been widely known for its antiinfl ammation, anticancer, and other activities related to immune system. Several plants of Piperaceae family have also been reported to have activity as immumomodulators . Piper cubeba, Piper aduncum, and Piper retrofractum belong to piperaceae family and widely distributed in West Java, Indonesia. However, research related to these plants are still limited. Thereby, purpose of this study were to evaluate the immunomodulatory activity of ethanolic extracts of these plants in Balb/C mice. Animals were divided into 12 groups : normal control group, immunosuppressant comparison, immunostimulant comparison, and low, moderate, and high dose of P.cubeba, P.aduncum, and P.retrofractum. Phagocytosis index, peripheral blood leukocyte levels, and splenic leukocyte levels were analyzed. The results showed that ethanolic extract of P.cubeba has immunosuppressant activity, meanwhile P.retrofractum tend to have immunostimulant activity. Low doses of P.aduncum acts as immunosuppressant, and at medium and high doses has a tendency to be immunostimulant. Ethanolic extract of P.cubeba, P.aduncum, and P.retrofractum aff ect the number of peripheral blood granulocyte components, but did not aff ect the number of splenic granulocyte components. These fi ndings conclude that piperaceae family, especially P.cubeba, P.aduncum, and P.retrofractum, are potential source to be developed as immunomodulators.Abstrak: Tanaman dari keluarga Piperaceae telah diketahui memiliki aktivitas sebagai antiinfl amasi, antibakteri, antikanker, dan aktivitas lain yang mengarah pada aktivitas sistem imun. Beberapa tanaman dari keluarga ini juga telah dilaporkan memiliki aktivitas sebagai immunomodulator. Kemukus (Piper cubeba), kiseureuh (Piper aduncum), dan cabe jawa (Piper retrofractum) adalah tiga tanaman dari keluarga piperaceae yang banyak tersebar di daerah Jawa Barat, namun belum banyak diteliti. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi aktivitas imunomodulator ketiga tanaman dari keluarga piperaceae tersebut pada mencit jantan galur Balb/c dengan metode bersihan karbon. Penelitian dilakukan dengan membagi hewan coba menjadi 12 kelompok, yaitu kelompok kontrol normal, pembanding imunosupresan, pembanding imunostimulan, serta masing-masing tiga kelompok variasi dosis kemukus, kiseureuh, dan cabe jawa. Parameter aktivitas imunomodulator ditinjau dari indeks fagositosis, kadar leukosit darah tepi, dan kadar leukosit limpa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak etanol kemukus (P. cubeba) memiliki aktivitas imunomodulator sebagai imunosupresan, sedangkan cabe jawa (P. retrofractum) sebagai imunostimulan. Ekstrak etanol kiseureh (P. aduncum) dosis rendah memiliki aktivitas imunosupresan, sedangkan pada dosis sedang dan tinggi memiliki kecenderungan sebagai imunostimulan. Ketiga tanaman tersebut juga mempengaruhi jumlah komponen granulosit darah tepi, namun tidak mempengaruhi jumlah komponen granulosit limpa. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa P.cubeba, P.aduncum, and P.retrofractum berpotensi untuk d...

Immunomodulator Activity of Puguntano (Picria fel-terrae Lour.) Extract in White Male Mice By Carbon Clearance Method

“…It takes 1ml of blood and is inserted into a tube that contains Na citrate, then the blood is taken 25 μl and added 4 ml of 1% acetic acid to fill red blood cells, the first blood used as a Blanko (minute 0), then 0.1 ml carbon suspension is injected in I. V through the blood vessels on the tail, and in the 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes after the carbon injection is carried out blood sampling, it is accommodated into tubes that have contained Na citrate, then the blood is taken as much as 25 μl, each added 4 ml of 1% acetic acid to a line of red blood cells, and then measured its absorption using UV-Vis spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 632.0 nm. After 12 hours of blood was taken, then the liver and lymph recorded weighing [11]. After taking the blood on the tail end of the mice is calculated a constant carbon elimination speed (K) and phagocytosis index (α) by using the formula [12].…”

Instant Granule Formulation Combining White Sweet Potato Leaves Extract (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) and Javanese Chili (Piper retrofractum Vahl)

“…Based on this research study, an instant granular preparation was made of white sweet potato leaves extract (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam) which is combined with Javanese chili extract (Piper retrofractum Vahl) to covered unpleasant taste of sweet potato leaves. Javanese chili has immunomodulatory activity as an immunostimulant at a dose of 5.6 mg/20 g body weight (Roseno et al, 2019). Javanese chili extracted by using 80% ethanol solvent has a strong anti-bacterial, which has inhibition zones on the growth of E. coli and S. aureus of 17.12 mm and 15.76 mm (Sari et al, 2020).…”