Uji Aktivitas Sitotoksik, Ekspresi p53, dan Bcl-2 dari Ekstrak Fraksi Herba Kelakai (Stenochleana palustris (Burm.F.) Bedd.) terhadap Sel Kanker Payudara T47D

Abstract

Abstrak
 Kanker payudara merupakan kanker yang menyerang jaringan epitel payudara. Terapi kanker dengan obat-obatan dapat memiliki efek samping sehingga potensi bahan alam mulai dikembangkan sebagai obat antikanker. Herba kelakai (Stenochleana palustris (Burm.f.) Bedd.) merupakan bahan alam sebagai alternatif pengobatan kanker. Sel T47D adalah model sel kanker payudara. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menguji aktivitas sitotoksik ekstrak, fraksi n-heksan, fraksi etil asetat, dan fraksi air dari herba kelakai terhadap sel kanker payudara T47D dan mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak dan fraksi herba kelakai terhadap ekspresi p53 dan Bcl-2. Herba kelakai diekstraksi dengan metode maserasi. Uji sitotoksik dilakukan dengan metode uji methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay pada sel kanker payudara T47D dan Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) reader. Ekspresi p53 dan Bcl-2 dilakukan dengan uji imunositokimia. Fraksi n-heksan dan etil asetat herba kelakai memiliki aktivitas sitotoksik terhadap sel kanker payudara T47D dengan nilai IC50 86,99 μg/mL dan 98,43 μg/mL, sedangkan fraksi air tidak memiliki aktivitas sitotoksik dengan nilai IC50 >1000 μg/mL. Ekstrak dan fraksi n-heksan herba kelakai dapat meningkatkan ekspresi p53 dan menurunkan ekspresi protein Bcl-2.Kata kunci: Bcl-2, Herba kelakai (Stenochleana palustris), p53, sel kanker payudara T47D, sitotoksik
 AbstractBreast cancer is cancer that attacks the epithelial tissue of the breast. Cancer therapy with drugs have side effects to human, so the potency of natural ingredients is developed as anticancer drugs. Kelakai herbs (Stenochleana palustris (Burm.f.) Bedd.) is a natural ingredient as an alternative treatment for cancer. T47D cells are a model for breast cancer cells. This research aims to examine the cytotoxic activity of extracts, n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and water fraction of kelakai herbs against T47D breast cancer cells and to determine the effect of extract and fraction of kelakai herbs to p53 and Bcl-2 expression. The herbs were extracted by maceration method. A cytotoxic test was performed using methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay on T47D breast cancer cells and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) reader. The expression of p53 and Bcl-2 was carried out the immunocytochemical test. The n-hexane and ethyl acetate fractions of kelakai herbs had cytotoxic activity against T47D breast cancer cells with IC50 values of 86.99μg/mL and 98.43μg/mL, the water fraction did not have cytotoxic activity with IC50 values >1000μg/mL. Extract and n-hexane fraction of kelakai herb can increase p53 expression and decrease Bcl-2 protein expression.
 Keywords: Bcl-2, the breast cancer T47D cells, cytotoxic, kelakai herbs (Stenochleana palustris), p53

The Effect of Pare Ethanol Extract on Bax and Bcl-2 Protein Expressions (In vitro study on T47D Breast Cancer Cell Culture)

“…In breast cancer patients, gene mutations are found. (2) There are cell proteins that can reduce the growth of cancer cells. BAX and BCL-2 are proteins that accelerate the apoptotic process of cancer cells and maintain the permeability of mitochondrial cell membranes and activate cytotoxic caspase so as to prevent the spread and development of cancer cells.…”