Ultra-High Resolution LYSO PQS-SSS Heptahedron Blocks for Low-Cost MuPET

Ramirez, Rocio; An, Shaohui; Liu, Shitao; Zhang, Yuxuan; Li, Hongdi; Baghaei, H.; Wang, Chao; Wong, Wai-Hoi

doi:10.1109/tns.2011.2127486

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…For the production of the detector blocks, we have invented a high-precision and low-labor detector-block production method we named the slab-sandwich-slice (SSS) method (6,9). Figure 1A shows a drawing of the SSS technique for the production of blocks.…”

Section: Pet Camera Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Engineering and Performance (NEMA and Animal) of a Lower-Cost Higher-Resolution Animal PET/CT Scanner Using Photomultiplier-Quadrant-Sharing Detectors

Wong

Baghaei

et al. 2012

J Nucl Med

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The dedicated murine PET (MuPET) scanner is a high-resolution, high-sensitivity, and low-cost preclinical PET camera designed and manufactured at our laboratory. In this article, we report its performance according to the NU 4-2008 standards of the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA). We also report the results of additional phantom and mouse studies. Methods: The MuPET scanner, which is integrated with a CT camera, is based on the photomultiplier-quadrant-sharing concept and comprises 180 blocks of 13 · 13 lutetium yttrium oxyorthosilicate crystals (1.24 · 1.4 · 9.5 mm 3 ) and 210 low-cost 19-mm photomultipliers. The camera has 78 detector rings, with an 11.6-cm axial field of view and a ring diameter of 16.6 cm. We measured the energy resolution, scatter fraction, sensitivity, spatial resolution, and counting rate performance of the scanner. In addition, we scanned the NEMA image-quality phantom, Micro Deluxe and Ultra-Micro Hot Spot phantoms, and 2 healthy mice. Results: The system average energy resolution was 14% at 511 keV. The average spatial resolution at the center of the field of view was about 1.2 mm, improving to 0.8 mm and remaining below 1.2 mm in the central 6-cm field of view when a resolution-recovery method was used. The absolute sensitivity of the camera was 6.38% for an energy window of 350-650 keV and a coincidence timing window of 3.4 ns. The system scatter fraction was 11.9% for the NEMA mouselike phantom and 28% for the ratlike phantom. The maximum noise-equivalent counting rate was 1,100 at 57 MBq for the mouselike phantom and 352 kcps at 65 MBq for the ratlike phantom. The 1-mm fillable rod was clearly observable using the NEMA image-quality phantom. The images of the Ultra-Micro Hot Spot phantom also showed the 1-mm hot rods. In the mouse studies, both the left and right ventricle walls were clearly observable, as were the Harderian glands. Conclusion: The MuPET camera has excellent resolution, sensitivity, counting rate, and imaging performance. The data show it is a powerful scanner for preclinical animal study and pharmaceutical development. Smal l-animal PET has been widely used in a broad range of applications in the field of biology and pharmaceutical development (1). Because of the small physical dimensions of rodents, achieving spatial resolution and detection sensitivity adequate to study small structures and the low concentration of receptors is challenging. In addition, to make the in vivo molecular imaging capability of PET accessible to more biology and genetics laboratories, thus facilitating the integration of biologic research and clinical medicine, lower camera-production costs are also needed.A preclinical dedicated murine PET (MuPET) camera has been designed and constructed at the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center (2). It has been integrated with a CT camera into a compact gantry. The MuPET camera combines the advantages of a lower production cost with high resolution and high sensitivity. In this work, we report on the scanner's perfor...

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Section: Pet Camera Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 1B shows a photo of the solid detector ring. To circularize the PQS design, which requires that 2 adjacent blocks share the same PMT, each detector block is ground to a heptahedron (9). On the circular dimension, the last 2 rows of crystals are also ground to a slight taper.…”

Section: Pet Camera Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering and Performance (NEMA and Animal) of a Lower-Cost Higher-Resolution Animal PET/CT Scanner Using Photomultiplier-Quadrant-Sharing Detectors

Wong

Baghaei

et al. 2012

J Nucl Med

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“…Figure 2 shows the crystal array coupled to four PMTs using PQS technology. PQS is a technology sharing the light using only a fraction of PMT to reduce the production costs while maintaining the same performance [11][12][13].…”

Section: Design Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the simulation results, a laser-cut reflector grid was built using Enhanced Specular Reflector (ESR, 3M Co.) with a high reflectance of 98% and a thickness of 0.065 mm as shown in figure 3. The lateral surfaces of the crystals were roughly handled to improve the light transmission within the detector block [13]. Figure 4 shows a detector module consists of a crystal array and four PMTs.…”

Section: Detector Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary studies of PQS PET detector module for dose verification of carbon beam therapy

Kim

Lee

et al. 2014

J. Inst.

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PET imaging can be used to verify dose distributions of therapeutic particle beams such as carbon ion beams. The purpose of this study was to develop a PET detector module which was designed for an in-beam PET scanner geometry integrated into a carbon beam therapy system, and to evaluate its feasibility as a monitoring system of patient dose distribution. A C-shaped PET geometry was proposed to avoid blockage of the carbon beam by the detector modules. The proposed PET system consisted of 14 detector modules forming a bore with 30.2 cm inner diameter for brain imaging. Each detector module is composed of a 9 × 9 array of 4.0 mm × 4.0 mm × 20.0 mm LYSO crystal module optically coupled with four 29 mm diameter PMTs using Photomultiplier-quadrant-sharing (PQS) technique. Because the crystal pixel was identified based upon the distribution of scintillation lights of four PMTs, the design of the reflector between crystal elements should be well optimized. The optical design of reflectors was optimized using DETECT2000, a Monte Carlo code for light photon transport. A laser-cut reflector set was developed using the Enhanced Specular Reflector (ESR, 3M Co.) mirror-film with a high reflectance of 98% and a thickness of 0.064 mm. All 81 crystal elements of detector module were identified. Our result demonstrates that the C-shaped PET system is under development and we present the first reconstructed image.

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“…For precise distribution measurements of gamma photons or beta particles, high resolution radiation imaging detectors are required. For the development of position sensitive gamma detectors for PET systems, those using small scintillators were developed recently [1][2][3]. We developed gamma detectors combining 0.32mm size LYSO pixels with silicon photomultiplier (Si-PM) array and obtained ~0.6mm spatial resolution for the reconstructed image of a PET system [4].…”

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confidence: 99%

Development of ultrahigh resolution radiation imaging detector using 1 mm channel size Si-PM array combined with 0.2 mm × 0.2 mm pixelated GAGG plate

et al. 2018

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A: For precise distribution measurements of gamma photons or beta particles, high resolution radiation imaging detectors are required. Reducing the size of the photodetectors combined with small pixel scintillators is a possible method to improve the spatial resolution of the scintillator based radiation imaging detectors. In this paper, we used a 1mm channel size silicon photomultiplier (Si-PM) array combined with a small pixel scintillator array and evaluated the performance for gamma photons and beta particles. For the radiation imaging detector, a Si-PM array with 1mm × 1mm channel size arranged in 8 × 8 (Hamamatsu, S13615-1025N-08) was optically coupled to a 0.2 mm × 0.2 mm pixelated GAGG plate. For 662 keV high energy gamma photons, 0.2mm GAGG pixels were clearly resolved in the position histogram. The peak to valley ratio (P/V) of the position histogram was not improved when only photo-peak events were used while it was improved when the events lower energy than the Compton edge was used. We could also resolve the position histograms for both 122 keV and 60 keV gamma photons. For beta particles, although the position histogram showed good separation for relatively low energy beta particles of Ca-45 (245 keV max), separation became worse for higher energy beta particles from Sr-Y-90 (545keV and 2280keV max). The separation of the position histogram for Sr-Y-90 improved when only lower energy events were used. Using 1mm size Si-PM array, high resolution detectors was realized for low energy gamma photons and beta particle but the spatial resolution was decreased for high energy beta particles from Sr-Y-90.

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Ultra-High Resolution LYSO PQS-SSS Heptahedron Blocks for Low-Cost MuPET

Cited by 11 publications

References 12 publications

Engineering and Performance (NEMA and Animal) of a Lower-Cost Higher-Resolution Animal PET/CT Scanner Using Photomultiplier-Quadrant-Sharing Detectors

Engineering and Performance (NEMA and Animal) of a Lower-Cost Higher-Resolution Animal PET/CT Scanner Using Photomultiplier-Quadrant-Sharing Detectors

Preliminary studies of PQS PET detector module for dose verification of carbon beam therapy

Development of ultrahigh resolution radiation imaging detector using 1 mm channel size Si-PM array combined with 0.2 mm × 0.2 mm pixelated GAGG plate

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