Ultrasensitive non-enzymatic glucose sensing at near-neutral pH values via anodic stripping voltammetry using a glassy carbon electrode modified with Pt3Pd nanoparticles and reduced graphene oxide

Abstract

We describe an anodic stripping voltammetric (ASV) method for glucose sensing that widely expands the typical amperometric i-t response of glucose sensors. The electrode is based on a working electrode consisting of a glassy carbon electrode modified with Pt-Pd nanoparticles (NPs; in an atomic ratio of 3:1) on a reduced graphene oxide (rGO) support. The material was prepared via the spontaneous redox reaction between rGO, PdCl 4 2− and PtCl 4 2− without any additional reductant or surfactant. Unlike known Pt-based sensors, the use of Pt 3 Pd NPs results in an ultrasensitive ASV approach for sensing glucose even at near-neutral pH values. If operated at a working voltage as low as 0.06 V (vs. SCE), the modified electrode can detect glucose in the 2 nM to 300 μM concentration range. The lowest detectable concentration is 2 nM which is much lower than the LODs obtained with other amperometric i-t type sensing approaches, most of which have LODs at a μM level. The sensor is not interfered by the presence of 0.1 M of NaCl.

Effect of Molecular Structure of Quinones and Carbon Electrode Surfaces on the Interfacial Electron Transfer Process

“…We have observed by CV that quinones can be adsorbed on the HEDGE surface; on the basis of that, we performed a detailed investigation on how the molecular structure of quinone-based molecules influences the adsorption phenomena. The amount of quinone adsorbed under applied overpotential conditions was measured by using anodic stripping voltammetry . The details of the procedure can be found in Section 10 of the Supporting Information.…”

Recent advances of electrochemical and optical enzyme-free glucose sensors operating at physiological conditions

“…Pt-and Au-based nanomaterials behave differently and are actually able to catalyze electrochemical oxidation of glucose at physiological pH conditions. They include Au/Pt-black/Nafion composites (Lee et al, 2016), carbon-supported PtxFe alloy nanoparticles (Mei et al, 2015a), Pt 3 Pd nanoparticles and reduced graphene oxide composite (Zhao et al, 2015), titanium dioxide nanowire-poly(3-aminophenyl boronic acid)-Au nanoparticle ternary nanocomposite (Muthuchamy et al, 2018), and Au nanoparticles deposited carbon nanotubes (Branagan and Breslin, 2019). The non-enzymatic glucose sensor technology based on the latter compounds is promising to move from bench to commercial applications, and the development of noninvasive or minimally invasive wearable type devices (Bruen et al, 2017;Si et al, 2013).…”

Optical fibre based non-enzymatic glucose sensing over Cu2+-doped polyaniline hybrid matrix

“…To address this problem, many attempts have been made to develop enzyme free glucose sensors [17,18]. The nonenzymatic sensors works on direct oxidation of glucose on different metal catalysts, which changes electrical and optical properties, The different catalysts reported in this regards are platinum [19], gold [20], nickel [21], copper [22], CuO [23] and carbon cloth [24]. The limitation of enzyme-free sensor is poor sensitivity, selectivity, biocompatibility and chemical poisoning due to adsorbed species [25].…”