Ultrasonographic assessment of the reticular motility in cows after administration of different doses of metoclopramide and neostigmine

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to use of ultrasonography for assessment of reticular motility after administration of various doses of metclopramide and neostigmine in cows. A total of ten Holstein cows were used in six trials in each one single dose of each drug was used. Metoclopramide was used at 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mg/kg intramuscularly, whereas neostigmine was used at 0.02, 0.03, and 0.04 mg/kg subcutaneously. Reticular motility was assessed using 3.5 MHz transducer just before drugs administration and every 20 minutes after administration with total time of two hours. At twenty minutes postadministration, metoclopramide at a dose rate of 0.3 mg kg significantly (P<0.01) produced shortening of the interval time between the two biphasic reticular contractions by 25% and significantly (P<0.05) increased the amplitude of the first reticular contraction by 42%, but with mild neurological signs. Neostigmine produced non-significant increase in reticular contraction rate and strength. The results of the present study indicate that metoclopramide and neostigmine at selected doses are not clinically useful agents for increasing reticular contraction rate and strength. The findings of this study in healthy animals may not be extrapolatable to findings in cattle with reticuloruminal hypomotility.

Evaluation of a modified acetaminophen absorption test to estimate the abomasal emptying rate in Holstein-Friesian heifers

“…39 Metoclopramide is a derivate of para-aminobenzoic acid that presumably sensitizes the upper gastrointestinal tract of monogastric species to the effects of acetylcholine, thereby increasing gastric motility. Because adverse reactions can develop after metoclopramide administration at a dose of 0.3 mg/kg, 43 the dose of metoclopramide cannot unhesitatingly be increased in an attempt to obtain enhanced abomasal motility. When the heifers received metoclopramide, in contrast, none of the parameter values differed from control values, suggesting that the modified APAT was not sensitive enough to identify the effect of metoclopramide on abomasal emptying rate or that metoclopramide treatment did not result in a prokinetic effect.…”

Ultrasonography of normal reticulum in 30 healthy buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)

“…The duration of the first reticular contraction was expressed as mentioned by El-khodery and Sato (2008) as the period elapsed from the beginning of reticular contraction to incomplete relaxation, where the second reticular contraction was from the incomplete relaxation until complete relaxation after the second contraction. The duration between the two biphasic contractions was expressed by the time from complete relaxation and retuning of reticulum to its original position onset until the beginning of the next contraction.…”

“…Numerous ultrasonographic studies were performed on normal appearance of reticulum in healthy cows (Floeck 2006) sheep, and goats (Kaske et al 1994;Braun & Jacquat 2011). Moreover, ultrasonography was used to assess the reticular motility in healthy cows under different conditions of rest, eating, rumination, and stress (Braun & Rauch 2008) and under effect of various drugs (Braun et al 2002;El-khodery & Sato 2008). Ultrasonographic diagnosis of traumatic reticuloperitonitis and diaphragmatic hernia in buffalo (Mohindroo et al 2007;Abdelaal et al 2009) was made depending upon reference data of normal cows and those with different reticular affections (Braun et al 1993(Braun et al , 1998Floeck & Baumgartner 2001).…”

Ultrasonography of the reticulum in 30 healthy Saanen goats

“…There are numerous studies on the ultrasonographic appearance of the reticulum in cattle, including the appearance and motility of the reticulum in healthy cows [5,6], in cows with traumatic reticuloperitonitis [6-8], vagal indigestion [9] and mechanical obstruction of the reticulum [10]. Other studies have investigated the effects of atropine, xylazine and scopolamine [11] and neostigmine [12] on reticular motility. The motility of the reticulum during rest, eating, rumination and stress in healthy cows has also been described [13].…”