Ultrasonography characterization of heart morphology and blood flow of lower vertebrates

Assessment of zebrafish cardiac performance using Doppler echocardiography and power angiography

“…Therefore, the body sizes of the Lophius piscatorius and Halobatrachus didactylus are much bigger than that of zebrafish. According to the data reported by Coucelo et al (1996), the E-flow velocity was 30 Ϯ 8 cm/s and A-flow velocity was 22 Ϯ 10 cm/s. In the present study, the E-flow velocity was 5.7 Ϯ 0.6 cm/s and A-flow velocity was 15.4 Ϯ 4.0 cm/s.…”

“…US study about some lower vertebrates (fish such as Lophius piscatorius and Halobatrachus didactylus; toad such as Bufo bufo) has been reported by Coucelo et al (1996). The body weight of the above fish ranged from 300 to 1300 gm.…”

Use of Ultrasonography in Wildlife Species

“…The main applications of ultrasonography in amphibians include assessment of the reproductive status, 38 sex determination, 29 evaluation of cardiac activity and blood flow (including the use of Doppler ultrasonography), 8 and health assessment (e.g., parasitic and neoplastic status) and anatomic studies 29,69 (see Figure 76-…”

Echocardiography and electrocardiography reveal differences in cardiac hemodynamics, electrical characteristics, and thermal sensitivity between northern pike, rainbow trout, and white sturgeon

“…In contrast to the rainbow trout, mammals and many other fish species (including the white sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus ) reportedly have a biphasic pattern of ventricular filling, comprised of an early passive filling phase (Doppler‐derived E‐wave during echocardiography) followed by an active phase (Doppler‐derived A‐wave) that coincides with atrial systole (Coucelo, Coucelo, & Azevedo, ; Gregory et al, ; Lai et al, ; Lai, Graham, Dalton, Shabetai, & Bhargava, ; Nishimura & Tajik, ). It is also noteworthy that the white sturgeon appears to have a relatively small atrium and ventricle (Gregory et al, ).…”