Ultrasound evaluation of amniotic fluid: outcome of pregnancies with severe oligohydramnios

Abstract

We studied a group of 247 patients out of 7725 patients who had an ultrasonic examination between 32 and 36 weeks gestation and were found to have oligohydramnios (amniotic fluid volume (AFV) less than or equal to 2.0 cm). We compared the features of labor and mode of delivery and perinatal outcome in this group with that of a normal control group of 247 patients who also had an ultrasonic examination between 32 and 36 weeks gestation and were found to have normal AFV (greater than 2.0 to less than 8.0 cm). The incidence of induction of labor, of elective cesarean section, of preterm delivery (less than 37 weeks' gestation) was significantly higher in the oligohydramnios group (study group) as compared with the incidence in the control group (P less than 0.05). The incidence of fetal distress in antenatal and intrapartum period, pH (less than or equal to 7.2), of low Apgar score (0-5), of intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) (less than tenth centile) infants, of major fetal anomaly and perinatal mortality rate (PNMR) are significantly higher in the oligohydramnios group as compared with the incidence and PNMR in the normal control group (P less than 0.05). The ultrasonic finding of oligohydramnios should alert the clinician regarding the possibility of problems in labor and perinatal period.

Are Leukocyte and Platelet Indices Associated with Small for Gestational Age Birth and/or Oligohydramnios?

“…About platelet counts in third trimester; those in Group-I (251.47±68.48 x10 9 /L) were significantly higher than ones in the control group (228.71±61.49 x10 9 /L). Platelet counts in Group-II and Group-III were higher than the values in Group-IV, but not significantly.…”

Placental lakes on sonographic examination: Correlation with obstetric outcome and pathologic findings

“…Amniotic fluid was considered increased when the greatest vertical diameter of the liquor column was greater than or equal to 8.0 cm and decreased when it was less than or equal to 2.0 cm. 12,13 Premature rupture of membranes, placenta previa, birth weight classified as small for gestational age, oligohydramnios, premature delivery, stillbirth, and neonatal death were all considered to be adverse obstetric outcomes. For the purpose of analysis, premature delivery was considered as that occurring before 37 weeks of gestation, as defined by the World Health Organization, 14 but we also used Keirse's classification 15 as follows: delivery before 28 weeks ¼ extreme preterm; delivery at 28-31 weeks ¼ very preterm; delivery at 32-36 weeks ¼ moderate preterm; and delivery after 37 weeks ¼ term.…”

Evaluation of Amniotic Fluid Volume among Sudanese Diabetic Patients in Third Trimester Using Ultrasound

“…Gestational diabetes is associated with many complications during pregnancy as fetal hyper insulinaemia [19]. Poor maternal glucose control, can lead to this complications as it related to interaction between maternal and fetal circulations, diabetic can increase glucose concentrations, amino acids and fats, and hyper insulinemia and could affect a number of nutrient transport and metabolic pathways [18].…”

“…Varma et al ,had discussed the production and regulation of amniotic fluid ;he mentioned that it is a dynamic and complex process involving mainly fetal urine output, fetal swallowing, and fetal lung fluid flow and the amniotic fluid volume is related to fetal weight, but the mechanism of this observation is not understood [19].…”