Ultrasound Imaging of Orthopedic Injuries

What is the role of ultrasonography in the early diagnosis of scaphoid fractures?

“…US with a linear high-frequency probe (>12 Mhz) is required to evaluate the scaphoid bone [2,3,7,13,20,22,23]. Comparative sonography of both normal and painful wrist should be performed, assessing the normal side before the injured side [16].…”

“…When the X-ray reveals a fracture, the treatment must be established immediately. Nevertheless, radiography shows 20-25 % of false negatives results during the acute phase of the injury [2][3][4], is in here when US plays its role as an intermediary diagnostic tool, with the capacity to rule out or to support the diagnosis of scaphoid fracture (algorithm 1) [2,3,7,31]. The gold standard tests to diagnose scaphoid fractures are MRI and CT; however, these tools' limited availability and costs reduce their usage in most cases, especially in developing countries.…”

“…Taking into account the relative frequency of scaphoid fractures, the sensitivity and specificity of radiography as a diagnostic tool [7,32], and the fact that health centers with low complexity in low or moderate incomes countries do not have specialized diagnostic images such as MRI and CT, it is mandatory to rely on other diagnostic methods with higher availability and lower prices, such as US. Also, it is important to know in which health centers the medical personnel has training in bedside US, since this factor will determine its implementation for the diagnosis of scaphoid fractures [6,24,33].…”

“…Currently, there are rising concerns about the use of US for the diagnosis of occult scaphoid fractures because it is an accessible, fast, nonionizing, cost-effective method that may help avoid overtreatment [1,2,5,7].…”

Klinik Uygulamalarda İleri Biyomedikal Görüntüleme Teknolojileri

“…Aynı zamanda ultrason görüntüleme teknikleri günümüzde, böbrek hastalığının tanı ve bakım sürecinde (Meola vd., 2016), tiroid nodüllerinin teşhis edilmesinde (Koundal vd., 2012), karaciğer lezyonlarının görüntülenmesinde (Virmani vd., 2014), memedeki anormal dokuların görüntülenmesinde (Jalalian vd., 2013), yumurtalık kistlerinin görüntülenmesinde (Acharya vd., 2013) ve birçok ortopedik yaralanmanın tespit edilmesinde (Simard, 2020) kullanılmaktadır.…”