Una dialógica desestabilizadora del orden social y sexual: el médico argentino Juan Lazarte en la revista anarquista <em>Estudios</em> (1932-1936)

Abstract

Cómo citar este artículo/Citation: Jiménez-Lucena, Isabel y Jorge Molero-Mesa, (2014), "Una dialógica desestabilizadora del orden social y sexual: el médico argentino Juan Lazarte en la revista anarquista Estudios (1932)(1933)(1934)(1935)(1936)", Asclepio, 66 (2): p056. doi: http://dx.doi. org/10.3989/asclepio.2014.20 RESUMEN:En este trabajo analizamos los artículos del médico argentino Juan Lazarte publicados en la revista Estudios en los años 30 del siglo XX. Este hecho se produjo en el marco de una política editorial que pretendía superar la exclusión a que eran sometidos los discursos de oposición al orden social establecido. La práctica discursiva analizada se desarrolló sobre una dialógica en torno a las propuestas neomaltusianas y eugenésicas y a las causas históricas de unas relaciones sociales generizadas que estructuraban una doble moral sexual. Lazarte usó diversas formas de intertextualidad y señaló la compatibilidad de planteamientos que se mostraban opuestos en apariencia, sin obviar las diferencias, evitando los debates en términos dicotómicos. Esta praxis hizo posible un uso táctico de la retórica eugenésica en la propuesta neomaltusiana con la que se pretendía que la especie humana alcanzase un estado de buen vivir. Al no concebir la historia desde una ideología del progreso, y empeñarse en considerar los distintos aspectos de los problemas (biológicos, económicos y culturales), el discurso de Lazarte en Estudios contribuía a conformar un mundo que desafiaba los supuestos de un biopoder determinista, constituyéndose en un poder desestabilizador del orden sexual y social.PALABRAS CLAVE: Anarquismo Libertario; Neomaltusianismo; Eugenesia; Liberación Sexual; Gestión del Conocimiento. ABSTRACT:In this paper we analyze the articles published by Argentinean physician Juan Larzarte in the magazine Estudios in the 1930s. This took place within a publishing policy aimed at overcoming the exclusion of discourses opposing the established social order. The discourse practices we explore were dialogic while focusing on neo-Malthusian and eugenic propositions and the historical causes of a gendered social relations structuring a double sexual morals. Lazarte used several forms of intertextuality and suggested the compatibility of seemingly opposed approaches without getting round the differences and avoiding debates in dichotomic terms. These practices allowed the strategic use of eugenic rhetoric within the neo-Malthusian proposition aimed at the human species to reach a state of good living. As he did not consider history from an ideology of progress, and insisted on taking into account the different facets of any issue (biological, economic and cultural), Lazarte's discourse in Estudios contributed to configure a world defying the assumptions of a deterministic biopower, thus becoming a destabilizing power regarding the sexual and social order.

Neomalthusianismo y eugenesia en un contexto de lucha por el significado en la prensa anarquista española, 1900-1936

“…It not only conveyed information by experts to be assimilated by lay people, but co-constructed knowledge through communication practices that set up an exchange with readers. In this dynamic of self-management of knowledge in a dialogic relationship with hegemonic thought, struggles over meaning were struggles for resources, both symbolic and material, in the process of (de)stabilizing social systems (Tabernero-Holgado, Jiménez-Lucena, Molero-Mesa, 2013;Jiménez-Lucena, Molero-Mesa, Tabernero-Holgado, forthcoming;Jiménez-Lucena, 2014).…”

“…In this case, the conflicts stem from differing biopolitical attitudes (Jiménez-Lucena, Molero-Mesa, 2009, 2011, 2014 regarding the extent and purpose of contraceptive practices in the public and private sphere. Likewise, cultural struggles, including struggles over meaning, play an important role in the configuration of hegemonic/subaltern relationships, as defined by Gramsci, who considers this duality in a non-dichotomous, shifting way, rejecting the idea that some hegemonic groups impose meanings on other subaltern groups, which passively accept them (Jiménez-Lucena, Molero-Mesa, Tabernero-Holgado, forthcoming;Jiménez-Lucena, 2014). Following this relational perspective, we argue that these groups are inserted in dialogic relations that mark their discourses, interests and strategies.…”

“The ideal wife” as “the ideal mother”; some aspects of the Argentinian late eugenic thinking

“…In this 50 respect, the heterodox of the late-eugenic period had as its main character an anarchist, Juan Lazarte, who was incorporated at the time to Sociedad Argentina de Eugenesia, the most orthodox example of Eugenics in the period. 54 Before that, Lazarte managed the Eros Collection, published by Partenón, an editorial situated in Buenos Aires and where he founded a gap to disclosing, since 1945, different texts about sexuality written by personalities such as Havelock Ellis or Augusto Forel. 55 In this way, we will concentrate here particularly on two of them, published in Argentina in 1949: Historia del amor, written by Marguerite Crépon, and the second edition of the Manual del Matrimonio, by Hannah and Abraham Stone.…”

Current Bibliography of the History of Science and Its Cultural Influences, 2016

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