Understanding the Effect of Rye Chromatin in Bread Wheat

Abstract

and Meinel, 1994; Moreno-Sevilla et al., 1995a;McKendry et al., 1996). The 1RS.1BL translocation is one of the Most experiments on 1RS translocations in wheat (Triticum aestimost frequently used alien introgressions in wheat vum L.) cannot separate the effects of introgressions of rye (Secale breeding programs throughout the world (Braun et al., cereale L.) chromosome arm from the absence of corresponding wheat chromosome arms. The objective of this research was to determine 1998). It was derived from the Russian cultivars 'Authe contribution of individual wheat and rye group 1 chromosome rora' and 'Kavkaz' (Zeller and Hsam, 1984). The arms. Five group 1 ditelosomics, six substitutions, and 16 translocations 1RS.1AL translocated wheats derived from 'Amigo' of 1R in wheat were compared with appropriate controls. All ditelohave also been extensively used in wheat breeding prosomics were significantly different from controls for 100-kernel weight grams in the USA (Graybosch, 1995; 2001).(100-KW), flour protein content (FP), Mixograph peak time (MT) and Although the 1RS introgressions have conferred tolerance (MTO), and sodium dodecyl sulfate sedimentation (SDSS) broad adaptation, high yields, and yield stability, they volume. Among the long arms, 1DL was the most important for endhave frequently demonstrated unsatisfactory end-use use quality and 1AL the least important, ranking even below the 1RL quality, especially diminished mixing tolerance, dough tested. The contribution of all short arms was low. Substitutions of stickiness, reduced loaf volume, and poor crumb grain 1R negatively impacted agronomic performance with the long arm being entirely responsible for this effect. Among translocation lines, when compared with wheats with a standard chromothose with 1RS.1BL had the highest yield and those with 1RS.1DL some constitution (Dhaliwal et al., 1990, Burnett et al., the lowest. Negative impact of all translocations of 1RS on the end-1995; Lee et al., 1995; Seo et al., 1995). Carver and use quality was far greater than the absence of the corresponding 1S Rayburn (1995) indicated that the 1RS.1BL translocaarms of wheat. Translocation 1RS.1AL was the least detrimental to tion lines had, on average, increased grain protein conquality and 1RS.1DL the most detrimental. Both the source of the tent and decreased dough mixing properties and SDS rye chromatin and its position in the wheat genome affected agronomic sedimentation volumes. Moreno-Sevilla et al. (1995b) performance and quality. These results suggest that it may be possible determined that the 1RS.1BL genotypes from the 'Rawto create new translocations of 1RS in wheat with improved perfor-hide' background had a higher protein content, similar mance. Translocation of 1RS to 1AL is preferred from a quality point mixing time, and lower mixing tolerance than 1B genoof view; that to 1BL appears more beneficial for agronomic performance.

INLUENCE OF ALIEN GENETIC MATERIAL ON THE MANIFESTATION OF AGRONOMICALLY IMPORTANT TRAITS OF COMMON WHEAT (T. aestivum L.)

“…Помимо устойчивости к грибным патогенам, наличие хромосомы 1RS повышает адаптивность к условиям внешней среды, увеличивает биомассу и урожайность (Ehdaie et al, 2003;Kumlay et al, 2003;Kim et al, 2004;Ren et al, 2012). С использованием изогенных линий, содержащих сегменты 1RS хромосомы различной про тяженности, было показано, что генетические локусы, оказывающие положительный эффект на урожай, распо ложены в дистальном районе (Howell et al, 2014).…”

“…Для этой транслокации установле но, что она не только не оказывает негативного эффекта на агрономические признаки, но и во многих случаях может повышать засухоустойчивость, содержание белка в зерне, улучшать хлебопекарные качества (McIntosh et al, 1995;Kim et al, 2004;Hoffmann, 2008). Более значимый поло жительный эффект транслокации 1RS.1AL по сравнению с 1RS.1BL был продемонстрирован на серии дителосомных, замещенных и транслоцированных пшеничноржаных линий, содержащих хромосому 1RS (Kumlay et al, 2003). Оценка вклада отдельных пшеничных и ржаных плеч первой группы хромосом показала, что транслокация 1RS в хромосому 1AL более предпочтительна по сравнению с 1BL с точки зрения селекционных качеств.…”

Molecular cytogenetic characterization of a new wheat-rye 1BL•1RS translocation line expressing superior stripe rust resistance and enhanced grain yield

“…Furthermore, this translocation line is also perceived to confer superior genes of abiotic stress tolerance, high yield potential, and wide adaptation to different environments (Villareal et al 1991;McKendry et al 1996;Kumlay et al 2003;Lelley et al 2004). Due to these useful characters, the 1BL•1RS translocation line has been widely used in wheat-breeding programs throughout the world.…”

Cytogenetic Behavior of Trigeneric Hybrid Progeny Involving Wheat, Rye and <b><i>Psathyrostachys huashanica</i></b>

“…Up to now, more than 40 genes, derived from rye cultivars or landraces, conferring resistance to powdery mildew, leaf rust, stem rust, yellow rust, greenbug, cereal cyst nematode, Heterodera filipjevi nematode, and Hessian fly, enhanced abiotic stress tolerance and high grain yield potential have been transferred to wheat by developing wheat-rye lines [Zeller, 1973;Zeller and Hsam, 1983;Friebe et al, 1991;Villareal et al, 1991;Dundas et al, 2001;Kumlay et al, 2003;An et al, 2013An et al, , 2015Nguyen et al, 2015]. Especially, the 1BL.1RS wheat-rye translocation lines have been widely used in wheat-breeding programs throughout the world owing to their useful characters, such as resistance genes Yr9 , Pm8 , Lr26 , and Sr31 , and also high agronomic performance and wide adaptation to different environments [Zeller, 1973;Zeller and Hsam, 1983;McKendry et al, 1996;Lelley et al, 2004].…”