Understanding the Factors Affecting UX and Technology Acceptance in the Context of Automated Border Controls

Ylikauppila, Mari; Toivonen, Sirra; Kulju, Minna; Jokela, Minna

doi:10.1109/jisic.2014.33

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Usability of technology as well as border guards' experience of using the technology plays an important role in automation. To enhance efficient performance of border control the technology has to provide border guards a suitable, efficient and easy to use tool to perform their monitoring and controlling work [15]. Thus, it is essential not to forget interaction design of humans and automated systems focusing on engaging user experiences in work environment [37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The introduction of automated systems will change the work of border guards, and automation thus requires new skills from employees. Usability of the used technology, operational environment and border guard's personal profile are important factors that influence to the work performance [15]. In addition interaction with travelers transforms primarily into supervision of travelers using the e-gates.…”

Section: Human Factors In Front Of Border Digitalisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Multiple studies present models, which investigates human factors in different contexts where technology is used to assist employees in their work tasks [e.g. 13,14,15]. Some human factors models have also been standardized by standardization organizations [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Framework for Understanding Human Factors Issues in Border Control Automation

Kulju

Ylikauppila

Toivonen

et al. 2019

Human Work Interaction Design. Designing Engaging Automation

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New security threats and increasing traveler flows as well as needs to enhance facilitation and security in EU external cross-border traffic have accelerated the use of novel technologies in border control. Especially at airports, automated border control, more commonly known as e-gates, have been taken widely into use. With e-gates, travelers perform border check as self-service, and the role of the border guards is to monitor or possibly also assist travelers passing the border. The introduction of automated systems significantly reshapes current ways of conducting border control from the border guard's perspective, and automation thus requires new skills from them. Understanding the effects of automation on the work tasks and work performance of border guards requires thorough examination. This paper introduces key Human Factors issues affecting border guard and border control system performance. The results are based on literature review and field studies conducted in different border control points within six European countries. The paper presents a Human Factors framework for understanding the complex nature of the border control and different factors influencing to both border control process and border guard performance within it.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Human Factors In Front Of Border Digitalisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Framework for Understanding Human Factors Issues in Border Control Automation

Kulju

Ylikauppila

Toivonen

et al. 2019

Human Work Interaction Design. Designing Engaging Automation

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“…As noted in ABC studies focusing on usability issues (e.g. Ylikauppila et al 2014), this is a critical step potentially having a major impact on the success of the whole process or the total crossing time.…”

Section: Security Control Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Border crossing point as a socio-technical system: applying STAMP and STPA to border security

Salmela¹,

Heikkilä²,

Toivonen³

et al. 2020

Proceedings of the International Seminar on Safety and Security of Autonomous Vessels (ISSAV) and European STAMP Workshop and C

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Digital transformation of European border management entails multiple benefits. Novel digital systems and cyber-physical infrastructures, such as biometrics-enabled automated border control and advanced analytics aim to equip border agencies with more effective tools against constantly evolving border security threats. Additionally, they provide new means to increase the agencies' performance in the context of growing volumes in trade and travel. Besides a myriad of opportunities for improved border management, the development, deployment and sophistication of these technologies compared to legacy systems bring about new vulnerabilities that may be hard to identify and manage with techniques used today. This paper employs a systems-theoretic approach to address the security of border control systems. The focus is on border checks, which involve technologies used for ensuring and controlling that persons and the objects in their possession are authorised to enter or exit the EU area at external borders. The paper provides a preliminary review of current literature and discusses the basic tenets and main features of security analyses in this field by reflecting them against the STAMP model and the STPA technique for security analysis purposes. The systems-theoretic approach is demonstrated in this paper by presenting the first phase of a coarse STPA-inspired security analysis at air borders with a particular interest on automated border control systems. Based on the analysis, STPA was found as a suitable approach for security analysis, as it supports assessment of the interactions between various stakeholders within the border control system. As a conclusion, we also provide insights for future research directions in cyber-physical border check systems and applications of systems-theoretic analysis methods in this particular field.

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Developing an Agent-Based Simulation Model for Predicting Technology Acceptance at Border Crossing Points

Shaikh

Yayilgan

2023

2023 9th International Conference on Automation, Robotics and Applications (ICARA)

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Understanding the Factors Affecting UX and Technology Acceptance in the Context of Automated Border Controls

Cited by 4 publications

References 12 publications

A Framework for Understanding Human Factors Issues in Border Control Automation

A Framework for Understanding Human Factors Issues in Border Control Automation

Border crossing point as a socio-technical system: applying STAMP and STPA to border security

Developing an Agent-Based Simulation Model for Predicting Technology Acceptance at Border Crossing Points

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