Understanding Traditional Chinese Medicine Therapeutics: An Overview of the Basics and Clinical Applications

Matos, Luís Carlos; Machado, Jorge; Monteiro, Fernando J.; Greten, Henry Johannes

doi:10.3390/healthcare9030257

Cited by 99 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 190 publications

(230 reference statements)

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“…Traditional Chinese herbal medicine has received increasing attention. The reason is that Chinese herbs are derived from plants with evidences of high safety and less adverse effects [25,26]. Danshen has been used as a healthy food and as medicine for approximately 1000 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dihydroisotanshinone I as a Treatment Option for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas

Hsu

Yang

Tsai

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are the most common cancers of the head and neck, and their prevalence is rapidly increasing. HNSCCs present a clinical challenge because of their high recurrence rate, therapeutic resistance to radiation and chemotherapy drugs, and adverse effects. Hence, traditional Chinese herbal treatment may be advantageous to therapeutic strategies for HNSCCs. Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza), a well-known Chinese herb, has been extensively applied in treatments for various diseases, including cancer, because of its high degree of safety and low rate of adverse effects despite its unclear mechanism. Thus, we aimed to explore the possible anticancer effects and mechanisms of dihydroisotanshinone I (DT), a compound in danshen (extract from danshen), on HNSCCs. Three HNSCCs cell lines were used for in vitro studies, and a Detroit 562 xenograft mouse model was chosen for in vivo studies. Our in vitro results showed that DT could initiate apoptosis, resulting in cell death, and the p38 signaling partially regulated DT-initiated cell apoptosis in the Detroit 562 model. In the xenograft mouse model, DT reduced tumor size with no obvious adverse effect of hepatotoxicity. The present study suggests that DT is a promising novel candidate for anti-HNSCCs therapy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dihydroisotanshinone I as a Treatment Option for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas

Hsu

Yang

Tsai

et al. 2021

IJMS

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“…The use of CHMs should be under the guidance of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theories. TCM theories consider that CHMs have four properties , including heat, warm, cold and cool , and five flavors , including sweet, acrid, salty, sour and bitter [ 1 ]. For improving therapeutic effects and reducing toxicity, many Chinese herbal drugs need to be processed before clinical applications [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Key quality factors for Chinese herbal medicines entering the EU market

Wang

Yao²,

Sun³

et al. 2022

Chin Med

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Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) have unique advantages in the prevention and treatment of diseases, which are widely recognized in the world. More and more CHMs are becoming increasingly popular in the international markets. However, the quality control of CHMs is a significant issue for their acceptance and recognition in the international market. This review mainly focuses on the quality requirements for CHMs to enter the European Union (EU) market. Both Chinese and European regulations and quality controls are compared. Firstly, the EU medicinal regulatory system and relevant regulations were reviewed. Secondly, the key factors of the quality control of CHMs, including Chinese herbal drugs, extracts and products were compared with those of European herbal medicines in the EU market. Subsequently, three main registration routes for herbal medicinal products including Chinese herbal medicinal products entering the EU were introduced. Furthermore, the legal status of traditional Chinese medicine granules in the EU was also discussed. Through the comparison of the key quality factors for CHMs in China and the EU, the similarities and differences in terms of quality requirements and regulations are addressed, which provides a reference for the development of CHMs into the EU market.

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“…Traditional Chinese medicine and its compounds have the characteristics of multicomponent, low selectivity, and multitarget interaction. This complexity makes it difficult to control the treatment; it lacks a reasonable and effective safety evaluation system and is relatively difficult to analyze its action and compatibility mechanism [ 9 ]. In recent years, network pharmacology has been rising in the world.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism of Zhen Wu Decoction in the Treatment of Heart Failure Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking

Deng

2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Heart failure (HF) is a serious manifestation or advanced stage of various cardiovascular diseases, and its mortality and rehospitalization rate are still on the rise in China. Based on the network pharmacology method, 59 components of Zhen Wu decoction (ZWD) and 83 target genes related to HF were obtained. Through the PPI network, four potential therapeutic targets were identified: AKT1, IL6, JUN, and MAPK8. The beneficial components of ZWD might intervene HF through the AGE-RAGE signalling pathway in the diabetes component, fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis, the TNF signalling pathway, TB, and Kaposi sarcoma related herpesvirus infection, according to a KEGG enrichment study. The protein interaction network of candidate targets was constructed by the STRING database, and the protein interaction network was clustered by MEODE software. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed on the core modules obtained by clustering. Finally, AutoDock Vina software was used for molecular docking verification of key targets and active ingredients. The result was that 75 active ingredients and 109 genes were screened as potential active ingredients and potential targets of Shengjie Tongyu decoction for CHF treatment. The main active components were quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol, dehydrated icariin, isorhamnetin, formononetin, and other flavonoids. Il-6, MAPK1, MAPK8, AKT1, VEGFA, and JUN were selected as the core targets. Molecular docking showed that the key components were well connected with the target. GO enrichment analysis showed that Shengjie Tongyu decoction could play a role through multiple biological pathways including angiogenesis, regulation of endothelial cell proliferation, binding of cytokine receptors, negative regulation of apoptotic signalling pathways, regulation of nitric oxide synthase activity, and reactive oxygen metabolism. Key pathways mainly focus on the toll-like receptor signalling pathway, nod-like receptor signalling pathway, MAPK signalling pathway, mTOR signalling pathway, JAK-STAT signalling pathway, VEGF signalling pathway, and other pathways. Through molecular docking technology, it was found that a variety of effective components in ZWD, such as kaempferol. Molecular docking technology has preliminatively verified the network pharmacology and laid a foundation for the follow-up pharmacological research.

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Understanding Traditional Chinese Medicine Therapeutics: An Overview of the Basics and Clinical Applications

Cited by 99 publications

References 190 publications

Dihydroisotanshinone I as a Treatment Option for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas

Dihydroisotanshinone I as a Treatment Option for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas

Key quality factors for Chinese herbal medicines entering the EU market

Mechanism of Zhen Wu Decoction in the Treatment of Heart Failure Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking

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