Unemployment, School Leaving, and Crime

Farrington, David P.; Gallagher, Bernard; Morley, Lynda; Ledger, Raymond J. St.; West, D. J.

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.bjc.a047626

Cited by 303 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…For example, in the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development, Farrington (1977) found that self-reported delinquency increased after a boy was first convicted (compared with unconvicted boys), in agreement with the theory that official labelling caused increased delinquency. Farrington et al (1986) showed that convictions increased during periods of unemployment compared with periods of employment, in agreement with the theory than unemployment caused crime. Farrington and West (1995) demonstrated that a man's convictions decreased after marriage and increased after separation from his wife, again suggesting some causal influences of both marriage and separation on offending.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Are within‐individual causes of delinquency the same as between‐individual causes?

Farrington

Loeber

Yin

et al. 2002

Criminal Behav Ment Health

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110

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Are within‐individual causes of delinquency the same as between‐individual causes?

Farrington

Loeber

Yin

et al. 2002

Criminal Behav Ment Health

Self Cite

110

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“…Yet similar effects have been found by a number of authors (e.g., Farrington, et al, 1986;Gottfredson, 1985;Viscusi, 1986a). The similarity of results suggests that the effect of working on criminal activity does not stem primarily from immediate income or incentive effects as assumed by our model and crime as work models since schooling has no such effects.…”

Section: The Empirical Modelsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Since the latter work relates most closely to our own we will concentrate our review on this literature. For completeness, we will also discuss briefly some relevant work by sociologists (e.g., Rossi, Berk and Lenihan, 1980;Thornberry and Christenson, 1984) and psychologists (e.g., Farrington, et al, 1986;Cottfredson, 1985).…”

Section: The Second Decadementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Montmarquette and Nerlove (1985) and Thornberry and Christenson (1984) use data for general population groups. Farrington, et al (1986), Good, Pirog-Good, and Sickles (1986), Gottfredson (1985) and Thornberry and Christenson (1984) use data that contain observations for at least two time periods. Only Farrington, et al (1986) and Thornberry and Christenson (1984) have panels that extend over a number of years (four years in each instance).…”

Section: The Second Decadementioning

confidence: 99%

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Deterrence, Work and Crime: Revisiting the Issues with Birth Cohort Data

Tauchen

Witte

Griesinger

1988

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In this paper we analyze the criminal behavior of a cohort sample of young men over an eight year period using random effects probit and Tobi techniques. Our major advances relate to our careful conceptualization of general deterrence, and our data. As far as we are aware, this work represents the first time that a richly specified model of criminal activity has been estimated using panel data for a general population group.We find very robust evidence for a general deterrent effect emanating from police resources. Our results regarding general deterrence are open to fewer questions than previous findings. We also find that working and going to school significantly decrease the probability of committing criminal acts and by virtually identical amounts. This similarity of effect when coupled with other findings suggests that crime does not serve mainly as a direct source of income and that incentive effects emanating from higher wages are not very strong. There is little empirical support for the "crime as work" model that has dominated economic thought regarding crime over the last two decades. More fruitful models of work and crime may result if work is conceived as having its primary effects either through preferences or -through information.

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“…2 The literature is inconclusive on the direction of the e ect of contemporaneous education on crime. Farrington et al (1986), and Witte and Tauchen (1994) nd that time spent at school is associated with lower levels of criminal behavior. Jacob and Lefgren (2003) and Luallen (2006) nd that being in school causes a drop in property crime, but an increase in violent crime.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Separating state dependence, experience, and heterogeneity in a model of youth crime and education

Mancino

Navarro

Rivers

2016

Economics of Education Review

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in AbstractWe study the determinants of youth crime using a dynamic discrete choice model of crime and education. We allow past education and criminal activities to a ect current crime and educational decisions. We take advantage of a rich panel dataset on serious juvenile o enders, the Pathways to Desistance. Using a series of psychometric tests, we estimate a model of cognitive and social/emotional skills that feeds into the crime and education model. This allows us to separately identify the roles of state dependence, returns to experience, and heterogeneity in driving crime and enrollment decisions among youth. We nd small e ects of experience and stronger evidence of state dependence for crime and schooling. We provide evidence that, as a consequence, policies that a ect individual heterogeneity (like social/emotional skills), and those that temporarily keep youth away from crime, can have important and lasting e ects even if criminal experience has already accumulated.

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Unemployment, School Leaving, and Crime

Cited by 303 publications

References 32 publications

Are within‐individual causes of delinquency the same as between‐individual causes?

Are within‐individual causes of delinquency the same as between‐individual causes?

Deterrence, Work and Crime: Revisiting the Issues with Birth Cohort Data

Separating state dependence, experience, and heterogeneity in a model of youth crime and education

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