Untersuchungen zum Nachweis des bovinen Herpesvirus Typ 1 (BHV 1) mittels Intrakutantest

Abstract

Studies on an intradermal test for the diagnosis of BHVl infectionAn intradermal test (delayed hypersensitivity test) for the diagnosis of BHVl infection was evaluated in 791 cattle of 16 dairy farms. The skin reactions were compared with the results of serological examinations using a commercial BHVl ELISA kit (Trachitest).As antigen concentrated, purified and inactivated BHVl was used. The skin reaction (increase of the skin fold thickness) was used for the interpretation of test results.The best results were obtained with the control of the skin reaction on the third day after injection of the antigen.From 393 serologically BHVl negative cattle with an age of more than 6 months 391 (99.5 Yo) had a skin reaction up to 1.0mm and 2 animals (0.5 %) had a reaction of 1.3 and 1.9mm, respectively.The mean increase of skin fold thickness was 0.2 mm.Out of 291 serologically BHVl positive cattle with an age of more than 6 months 270 had antibodies from natural infection and, partially, from additional vaccination with inactivated BHVl vaccine. 266 (98.5 %) of these animals showed a skin reaction of more than 2.0 mm, in 3 animals (1.1 Yo) a skin reaction up to 1.0 mm was observed and 1 animal (0.4 %) had a reaction of 2.0mm. The mean increase of the skin fold thickness was 6.3 mm. 21 animals had BHVl antibodies only because of vaccination with inactivated BHVl vaccine. Only 4 animals had a skin reaction of more than 2.0 mm.Among 107 animals with an age up to 6 months 30 were serologically BHVl positive and 77 were BHVl negative. In all animals the skin reaction was less than l.Omm, the mean was 0.2mm. EinleitungFur den Nachweis des bovinen Herpesvirus Typ 1 (BHV 1; IBWIPV-Virus) stehen heute zuverlissige labordiagnostische Verfahren zur Verfugung. Z u m direkten Virusnachweis werden die Virusisolierung aus Sekreten, Exkreten und Organen infizierter Tiere unter Verwendung von Zellkulturen oder die Immunfluoreszenztechnik an Organmaterial angewandt.

Untersuchungen zum Nachweis des bovinen Herpesvirus Typ 1 (BHV1) mittels Intrakutantest II. Mitteilung: Experimentelle Untersuchungen

“…In einer ersten Mitteilung (WIZIGMANN et al, 1989) wurde uber Praxiserfahrungen mit einem BHV I-Intrakutantest an BHV 1-unverdachtigen sowie BHV 1-infizierten und teilweise nachfolgend geimpften Rindern berichtet. Aufierdem umfaken die Untersuchungen auch zahlreiche intrakutane Testergebnisse von Jungtieren mit noch vorhandenen maternalen Antikorpern.…”

An Evaluation of an Intradermal Test for the Diagnosis of Bovine Herpesvirus Type 1 (BHV‐1) Infection in Cattle

“…AGUILAR-SETIBN et al. (1983), STRAUB et al (1990), WIZIGMANN et al (1989) and CORREA-GIR6N et al (1975) proposed values of 1.6, 2.1, 2.1, and about 2-2.5mm respectively. In our study the threshold was selected based on the analysis of the values of sensitivity, specificity and the agreement of ID test results compared to V N 24 ones.…”

“…Soon afterwards, DARCEL and DORWARD (1972) demonstrated a skin hypersensitivity reaction following intradermal administration of inactivated BHV-1 antigen in cattle having BHV-1 neutralizing antibodies. Further it was reported that the intradermal (ID) test, in contrast to serological techniques, enabled differentiation between the calves with passive or active humoral immunity (AGUILAR-SETI~~N et al, 1983;WIZIGMANN et al, 1989), and may be useful to detect seronegative, latently infected animals (AGUILAR-SETIBN et al, 1979). These in addition to the high agreement between the results of ID test and those of serological examinations (CORREA-GIR6N et al, 1975;1977;AGUILAR-SETIEN et al, 1983;WIZIG-MANN et al, 1989) indicate the potential for using the test in the diagnosis of BHV-1 infection in cattle.…”

An Intradermal Test for the Diagnosis of BHV‐1 Infection. The Effect of Repeated Testing on the Immune Status of Cattle

“…One of the disadvantages of the skin test is the prevalence among the seropositive cattle, the DTH-individuals (CORREA-GIR6N et al, 1975WIZIGMANN et al, 1989;AGUILAR-SETI~N et al, 1983). Some of such animals did not change their immune status despite the repeated skin testing, while other ones became positive by ID test probably due to natural infection or another unknown factor.…”

“…A possibility of detecting cattle infected with bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1) following intradermal injection of inactivated BHV-1 antigen was first demonstrated by DARCEL and DORWARD (1972). Further studies documented a diagnostic value of the intradermal (ID) testing (a delayed-type hypersensitivity test) of cattle infected with BHV-1 STRAUB et al, 1990;WIZIGMANN et al, 1989). Since this test is based on the intradermal administration of the virus antigen, it is essential from a practical point of view to know the effect it exerts on the immune status especially in animals free from BHV-1 infection.…”