Unusual anatomy of mandibular premolars

The purpose of this study was to undertake a comprehensive literature review of the root and root canal morphology of the mandibular first premolar. Published studies citing the anatomy and morphology of mandibular premolars report data for over 6,700 teeth. These studies were divided into anatomical studies reporting number of roots, number of canals, and apical morphology. Variations because of sex and ethnic background have also been reported, along with case reports of anomalies. Approximately 98% of the teeth in these studies were single-rooted. The incidence of two roots was 1.8%. Three roots when reported were found in 0.2% of the teeth studied. Four roots were rare and were found in less than 0.1% of the teeth studied. Studies of the internal canal morphology revealed that a single canal was present in 75.8% of the teeth. Two or more canals were found in 24.2% of the teeth studied. A single apical foramen was found in 78.9% of the teeth, whereas 21.1% had two or more apical foramina. The role of genetics and racial variation may result in differences of incidence of root number and canal number in human populations. The dental literature is not unique in studying ethnicity and sex variations. Higher incidences of teeth with additional canals and roots have been reported in Chinese, Australian, and sub-Sahara African populations. Physical anthropology studies seem to show the lowest incidence in Western Eurasian, Japanese and American Arctic populations. The root and root canal morphology of this tooth can be complex and requires careful evaluation prior to root canal therapy.

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“…Sixteen case reports that included 20 teeth have been included (12,13,17,19,(75)(76)(77)(78)(79)(80)(81)(82)(83)(84)(85)(86).…”

Section: Summary Of Case Reports Of Other Anomaliesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Root and Root Canal Morphology of the Human Mandibular First Premolar: A Literature Review

Cleghorn

Christie

Dong

2007

Journal of Endodontics

182

143

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“…Ignorance of normal morphology and possible anatomic variations of teeth, may lead to failure due to incorrect instrumentation and lack of instrumentation and three-dimensional obturation of the root canal system (Soares & Leonardo, 2003;de Almeida-Gomes et al, 2006;Velmurugan et al, 2005;Holtzman, 1998;Shokohinejad, 2009;Barros et al, 2009;Poorni et al, 2010;D´Arcangelo et al, 2001). To minimize accidents and treatment failure, accurate radiographic examination with good-quality straight on and angled radiographic images are necessary for clinicians to distinguish root canal system and hence achieve with a correct diagnosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Double Root Anatomical Variations in a Single Patient: Endodontic Treatment and Rehabilitation of a Three-rooted First Premolar. Case Report

Oporto

Saavedra

et al. 2013

Int. J. Morphol.

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SUMMARY:Abnormal interaction between oral epithelium and underlying mesenchematic tissue during odontogenesis could result in teeth with an anatomical variation. First maxilar premolar has such variable root canal morphology. However, (0.2-6% of cases) a three-rooted premolar is particularly uncommon. First mandibular premolar frequently has one root and one single canal (75% of cases), however, a tooth with two canals and two separate roots could be found (19.5-22.5%). Execution of an accurate diagnosis of root canal system is essential to perform a successful endodontic treatment and tooth rehabilitation. This article describes diagnosis, endodontic treatment and rehabilitation (means single crown) of a maxillary three-rooted and three-canal first premolar, and a non-endodontically treated mandibular first premolar with two canals and two independent roots in a single patient.

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“…(iii)Type 3: an initial curve in the coronal third with a second buccally oriented curve which begins in the middle or apical third. Endodontic success in teeth with the aforementioned number of canals and additional root requires a careful clinical and radiographic inspection (21). An additional exposure of the concerned tooth from different horizontal projections, the standard buccal-to-lingual projection, 20 degrees from the mesial and 20 degrees from the distal reveals all the basic information regarding the anatomy of the tooth (22).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endodontic Management of a Tooth with Radix Entomolaris and Five Root Canals

Balasubramanian¹

2013

IOSR-JDMS

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Unusual anatomy of mandibular premolars

Cited by 19 publications

References 5 publications

The Root and Root Canal Morphology of the Human Mandibular First Premolar: A Literature Review

The Root and Root Canal Morphology of the Human Mandibular First Premolar: A Literature Review

Double Root Anatomical Variations in a Single Patient: Endodontic Treatment and Rehabilitation of a Three-rooted First Premolar. Case Report

Endodontic Management of a Tooth with Radix Entomolaris and Five Root Canals

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