Unveiling the Effect of Solvents on Crystallization and Morphology of 2D Perovskite in Solvent-Assisted Method

Abstract

Controlling the crystallographic orientations of 2D perovskite is regarded as an effective way to improve the efficiency of PSCs based on 2D perovskite. In this paper, five different assistant solvents were selected to unveil the effect of solvents on crystallization and morphology of 2D perovskite in a solvent-assisted method. Results demonstrated that the effect of Lewis basicity on the crystallization process was the most important factor for preparing 2D perovskite. The stability of the intermediate, reacted between the solvent and the Pb2+, determined the quality of 2D film. The stronger the Lewis basicity was, the more obvious the accurate control effect on the top-down crystallization process of 2D perovskite would be. This could enhance the crystallographic orientation of 2D perovskite. The effect of Lewis basicity played a more important role than other properties of the solvent, such as boiling point and polarity.

Halide perovskite for enhancing photocatalytic efficiency: basic characteristics, nanostructure engineering and applications

“…2D perovskites have been regarded as an alternative to 3D analogs because the organic macromolecular cations in fragments are hydrophobic, which can block water molecules from disrupting the lattice structure, and provide excellent stability 49 under ambient conditions and photovoltaic properties close to those of their counterparts. However, the outward-directed transport of carriers in 2D perovskites is restricted because of the insulating properties 50 of the organic macromolecular cations introduced into the fragments, and hence the application of the fragments is constrained. 51…”

Toxicity of Perovskite Solar Cells

“…These solvents are crucial for dissolving and coordinating with precursor materials during the fabrication process. However, as illustrated in Figure 6a, most of the high-efficiency PVSCs reported to date have been fabricated using volatile organic solvents with high toxicity [42][43][44][45][46][47][48]. The solvents utilized in the fabrication of PVSCs can be summarized into precursor solvents, antisolvents, and solvents for the ETL/HTL, most of which are toxic and thus represent a significant obstacle to the upscaling implementation of PVSC technology.…”