Upper Cretaceous paleoenvironmental changes and petrophysical responses in lacustrine record (Songliao Basin, NE China) and marine sedimentary deposit (Goban Spur Basin, NW Europe)

Abstract

The Cretaceous interval is marked by several important geological changes whose prints are buried in both continental and marine sytems. Although significant paleoenvironmental details of this period have been inferred from biological and geochemical indicators, little is known about the physical proxies. Through scientific borehole data, petrophysical properties of Upper Cretaceous Songliao Basin (SB) in NE China and Goban Spur Basin (GSB) in NW Europe were intercorrelated to investigate the critical geological paleoenvironmental shifts and their petrophysical responses, through statistical, wavelet and spectral approaches. The results demonstrated that petrophysical features, particularly gamma-ray and resistivity reactivities, were responsive to past environmental changes in both terrestrial and marine systems. Shifts in organic-rich shale deposition and brine bearing shale showed a correlation to a probable period of seawater incursion in SB, while the gamma log, resistivity and density reactivities were interrelated to the basin paleo-structuration. At GSB, the gamma-ray and resistivity reactivities are tied-up to the Mid-Atlantic seabed motion, marine-water level shifts and paleoceanographic instabilities. In both paleo-basins, a decrease in the gamma-ray reactivity occurred from Turonian to Maastrichtian and is consistent with a regional or global increase in hydrodynamic energy. The oceanic/lacustrine anoxic events related to low sedimentation rate occurred in both basins and are associated with high gamma-ray and resistivity signals (SB); high gamma-ray and low resistivity signals (GSB). These changes correlated with geochemical evidence, suggesting that gamma-ray and resistivity can represent alternative means for marine and continental paleoenvironmental comparison.

Downhole logging data for time series analysis and cyclostratigraphy

“…Qiongzhusi Formation, Chengdu, China Cambrian (Liu et al, 2022;Zhang et al, 2022) Gamma ray log ODP Site 549, North Atlantic Cretaceous (Kouamelan et al, 2021) Gamma ray log North Sea Cretaceous (Perdiou et al, 2016) Gamma ray log IODP Site U1512, Australian Bight Basion Cretaceous (MacLeod et al, 2020) Gamma ray log Western Desert, Egypt Cretaceous (Makled, 2021) Gamma ray log Lower Saxonian Basin, Germany Cretaceous (Voigt et al, 2008) Gamma ray log Fiq Formation, Oman Cryogenian (Gong, 2021) Gamma ray log Albian claystone of Herbram Formation, Germany…”