Uptake and translocation of metals and nutrients in tomato grown in soil polluted with metal oxide (CeO2, Fe3O4, SnO2, TiO2) or metallic (Ag, Co, Ni) engineered nanoparticles

Abstract

The influence of exposure to engineered nanoparticles (NPs) was studied in tomato plants, grown in a soil and peat mixture and irrigated with metal oxides (CeO2, Fe3O4, SnO2, TiO2) and metallic (Ag, Co, Ni) NPs. The morphological parameters of the tomato organs, the amount of component metals taken up by the tomato plants from NPs added to the soil and the nutrient content in different tomato organs were also investigated. The fate, transport and possible toxicity of different NPs and nutrients in tomato tissues from soils were determined by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The tomato yield depended on the NPs: Fe3O4-NPs promoted the root growth, while SnO2-NP exposure reduced it (i.e. +152.6 and -63.1 % of dry matter, respectively). The NP component metal mainly accumulated in the tomato roots; however, plants treated with Ag-, Co- and Ni-NPs showed higher concentration of these elements in both above-ground and below-ground organs with respect to the untreated plants, in addition Ag-NPs also contaminated the fruits. Moreover, an imbalance of K translocation was detected in some plants exposed to Ag-, Co- and Fe3O4-NPs. The component metal concentration of soil rhizosphere polluted with NPs significantly increased compared to controls, and NPs were detected in the tissues of the tomato roots using electron microscopy (ESEM-EDS).

Toxicity of iron oxide nanoparticles to grass litter decomposition in a sandy soil

“…Similarly, a higher root and shoot phosphorous uptake was observed when IONPs were applied to Lactuca sativa 18 . Application of IONPs increased the root and shoot biomass of pumpkin and rye grass 16 and promoted the growth of tomato 19 . Despite such positive effects of nanoparticles on some of the plant growth parameters, their toxicity on soil living organisms could not be negated while taking into account the soil-plant interactions.…”

In Vivo Tracking of Copper-64 Radiolabeled Nanoparticles in Lactuca sativa

“…The extensive range of NP accumulation reported in plants suggests that NP-uptake is dependent on several parameters: (1) quantity of NP administered per plant, (2) plant species, (3) NP-size, (4) NP-composition, and (5) duration of exposure. 1,12,[14][15][16][17][18]45 Further complicating the understanding of NP transport and accumulation in plants are the studies that have observed NP-uptake due to dissolution. 14,17−19,33−35 Collectively the variations of parameters in every study on NP transport in plants have made direct comparison and accurate conclusions challenging.…”

“…10 NP sizes above active transport ranging from 14 to 40 nm had a large variation in uptake ranging from 0.25 to 3750 μg/g of plant, but typically had accumulation ranging from ∼1−1100 μg/g of plant again with the majority of the NPs contained within the root and with 0.5−183 μg/g in the leaves. 1,15,16,20,27,29 NPs (50 nm), had accumulation in mung bean of 8 μg/g and in wheat of 32 μg/ g. 32 When comparing the accumulation of two similarly sized TiO 2 -NPs of different crystalline structure [22 nm (rutile) and 25 nm (anatase)] in wheat different accumulation amounts were observed, suggesting size was not the only limiting factor for transportation into a plant. 1 In another study using radioactive NPs, Zhang et al 141 Cemetal could dissolute and be transported into the plant, making it appear as if the intact-NPs were in the plant because possible leaching of radioactivity was not explored.…”

Daya Hambat Perak Nitrat (Agno3) pada Perkecambahan Biji Kacang Hijau (Vigna radiata)

“…Hal tersebut diperkuat dengan penelitian Mazumdar & Ahmed (2011a); Nair & Chung, (2014) menyatakan bahwa adanya logam Ag pada media tanam dapat merusak dinding sel dan vakuola pada tanaman padi yang berakibat pada penurunan pemanjangan akar yang signifikan serta bobot tunas dan akar padi. Selain itu, adanya logam Ag yang ikut terserap oleh tanaman dapat mengurangi kandungan magnesium, fosfor, dan sulfur yang berakibat proses pembentukan akar akan terganggu (Rizwan et al, 2017;Vittori et al, 2015).…”